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House and 

Pet Dogs 

Their Selection, Care 
AND Training 




Forest and Stream Publishing Company 

NEW YORK 






House and Pet Dogs-, 



THEIR SELECTION, CARE AND 
TRAINING. 



WITH PORTRAITS OF PRIZE WINNING SPECI- 
MENS OF ALL PRINCIPAL BREEDS. ^. v 



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^^OFCONGff, 



'SEP 181890 ;j^^ 



NEW YORK: 

Forest and Stream Publishing Co. 

1890. 



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< 'opy?it;^IU, i '^<jo, l.v 

r AND SiKi;\M I'l i;i,!>iii\i, ( 'cj. 



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THIS BOOK. 

The purpose of this book is to suppiy hints and 
instruction concerning the care and management of 
house and pet dogs. What is here written is all the 
fruit of practical and extended experience with these 
classes of dogs. Several of the chapters have been 
written by a feminine pen, and will be especially 
valued by ladies. It is hoped that the intelligent 
study of these pages will lighten the lot of man's 
best friend by securing for him sensible treatment. 
If he shall follow the instructions here given, the 
reader who is so fortunate as to possess a fine dog 
will not fail of finding increased satisfaction and joy 
in that possession. 



CONTENTS. 

Page 

CHOICE OF A HOUSE DOG, . - .. 9 

CARE AND FEEDINCx, - - . - 21 

Feeding Puppies, - - - - - 24 

To Rid of Fleas, . _ _ _ 28 

Exercise, - - - - - - 29 

Treatment for Worms, _ _ . 30 

A Portable Kennel, - - - - - 32 

Exercise for a Chained Dog, - - - 34 

Treatment of Sick Pet Dogs, - - - 35 

Care of Dogs in Spring, - - - 42 

Treatment of Poisoning, - - - - 44 

TRAINING PET DOGS, - - . - 51 

Teaching to Come, - - - - - 68 

Teaching to Charge, _ _ . . 72 

Following at Heel, - - - - - 75 

Sitting Up, - - - - - 76 

Going to Bed, ... . . - 79 

Teaching to Fetch, - - - - 80 

Other Accomplishments, - - - - 84 

Whipping, ----- 88 

A Woman's Experience, - - - - 88 

Teaching Tricks, ----- 91 

Some Useful Hints. - - - - - 94 

TEACHING CANINE MANNERS, - - 96 

Obedience, - - - - - - 98 

Dogs and Flower Beds, - . . - 99 
Bad Habits, ------ 100 

Food and Feeding, - - - - 102 

Good Behavior and Happiness, - - 103 

TRAINING COLLIES, . - . . 108 



PORTRAITS OF PRIZE DOGS. 

Page 

Mastiff — W. K. Taunton's "Beaufort," - Frontispiece. 

Smooth-Coated St. Bernard — John Poag's "Watch," 13 
Rough-Coated St. Bernard — Miss A. H. Whitney's 

"Hermit," ------ 17 

Deerhound — J. E. Thayer's " Wanda," - - 23 
Greyhounds — "Mineral W^ater" and "Greentick," win- 
ner and runner-up Waterloo Cup, 1884, - - 27 
Great Dane — Mrs. R. Herbert's "Norseman," - 33 
Pointbr — C, Heath's " Graphic," - - - 37 
English Setter — E. I>. Hardy's "Pollux," 43 
Irish Setter — Dr. William Jarvis's " Rose," - - 47 
Field Spaniel — Oldham & Willey's " Glencairn," - 53 
Cocker Spaniel — J. P. Willey's " Obo II.," - - 57 
Clumber Spaniels — F. H. F. Mercer's "Johnny" and 

"Drake," ------ 63 

King Charles Spaniel — Mrs. Forder's "Bend Or," - 67 

Beagle — C. F. Judson's " Little Duke," - - 73 

Dachshunde — B. Hanbury's " Fritz " and "Diana," - 77 

Collie— G. R. Krehl's "Eclipse," - - - 81 

Poodle — W. C. Sanford's " Styx," - - - 83 

Bulldog — G. Raper's " Rustic King," - - 85 

Bull-Terrier — L. & W. Rutherfurd's "Grand Duke," - 87 

Fox-Terrier — J. E. Thayer's "Richmond Olive," - 89 

Scotch Terrier — H. J. Ludlow's "Allister," - - 93 

Dandie Dinmont Terrier — W. Reed's "Grip," - 97 

Black and Tan Terrier — S. Cameron's "Wallace," - loi 

Skye Terrier — P. Sanderson's " Jim," - - 105 

Yorkshire Terrier — Mrs. Foster's "Bradford Hero,"- 109 

Pug — City View Kennels' " Bradford Ruby," - 113 



CHOICE OF A HOUSE DOG. 

IF THERE were only two so-called "yaller dogs " 
in this country they would be worth $500 each, 
because they would be valued for their rarity and 
not for their worth. The demand for ever3^thing 
new is greater than the supply, and when the supply 
increases the demand falls off. It is so with dogs; 
certain kinds are fashionable or unfashionable, as is 
furniture, dress, or anything that is bought and sold. 
Mr. Ellwanger, in his delightful book, "The Garden's 
Story," says, "To think it has taken all these years 
to render a daffodil ' fashionable! ' As if a live flower 
were a ribbon, subject to the caprice of a milliner! 
Yet what may we not expect when lovely woman 
stoops to blond her tresses, and vandal florists figur- 
atively plunge a flower into the dye pot?" Now, it 
seems just as absurd that dogs should be " fashion- 



lo House and Pet Do^s. 

able" or "unpojoiilar" — and that one should hear 
''fox-terriers are tlie rage now," "pugs have gone 
out." " Puggie dear" is now neither worse nor bet- 
ter than it was ten years ago. P'oxie's day will pass, 
and he will give place to the Roman dog, the Chi- 
huahua dog, or something else. It is owing to no 
true merit of his own that a certain breed of dog is 
popular; it is the indefinable something, and like the 
professional beauty, he is in favor everywhere, until 
there is a verification of the old adage " Give a dog a 
bad name and you hang him." A great deal of this 
is brought about by dealers and breeders, who, when 
they find that any one kind are becoming too numer- 
ous to bring enough money to suit them, will import 
and boom some new sort. To do this they make the 
mo.st of, or invent, some story or trait to his disad- 
vantage; which, if true, has been well concealed in 
the beginning of his career. 'I'he most plausible 
and easily believed is that " he is treacherous," mean- 
ing that he will bite his master or some person he is 
supposed to have an affection for. That was put on 
the Newfoundland when certain parties wished to 
bring up the St. Bernard. Now it is beginning to 
be said of the mastiff, who was "all the go" a year 
since. Now we wonder if the dog never thinks his 
master is treacherous? We knew an intellectual 



CJwice of a House Dog. ii 

woman, who had a fine sensitive dog; there were 
times when caresses and all the pet names in the 
vocabulary were showered upon him; at others when 
she was busy writing- or reading, thinking himself 
long enough neglected, he would place his head on 
her knee, or his nose under her hand for a caress; 
she, vexed with the interruption, would knock him 
with the book, saying, "Go away." Now, was not 
that treachery ? 

Last spring while in London we read an inquiry 
in an English sporting paper, why Newfoundland 
dogs were so little known in America ? We have 
answered it, although we disbelieve in their treach- 
er}^, but they are rather too large to come under the 
head of house dogs. Mastiffs are often made in- 
door dogs in the country; they have the advantage 
of short hai-r, but are too big — great cumbersome 
things, becoming very fat, stupid and piggish-look- 
ing; and having such a mass of animal flesh in a 
room, especially in summer time, makes an unpleas- 
ant atmosphere. We recall a delicate little boudoir 
of a room in a certain country home, with a pretty 
woman in it — everything in accord save a huge 
mastiff stretched out and snoring audibly. 

In Paris it is considered that there are three 
classes of dogs— the Caniche, the c/iien (dog), and 



12 House and Pet Doos. 

the allfz-voiis rn [go away). I'hc latter is a eur, or 
the waif of a good family adoiHed by some poor 
person. We have a word to say in favor of the 
mono-rel. He learns to perform trieks more easily 
than any other sort, save tlie Caniehe or French 
poodle, l^dee, a thoroughbred cur of our -acquaint- 
ance, can do creditably twelve tricks, and we know 
others as smart as slie is. M. C'aniche is a veritable 
dude among dogs witli his shaving, and his curls — 
ribbons on his neck, perhaps a bracelet on one leg, 
ridicidous — but he did not make himself look so. 
An unshaved poodle is a fright, and before he is 
established on this side, dog barbers will have to be 
set up as in Paris. So clever is he, learning so 
much, understandmg almost everything that is said 
to him, he makes a hue house dog in a city home. 

The Russian poodle is larger, with longer curls, 
rather more intelligent, black, and much more rare. 
There is a spaniel from Chesapeake Hay, brown, with 
tight, though smaller curls, that we wish were known 
as a pet. His value as a bird dog is established; he 
could be made almost as smart as a poodle, but his 
home must be where there is water near enough to 
give him fre(]uent swims so as to retain his health 
and looks. 'i"he (^0(>ker spaniel and all the spaniel 
tribe make satisfactory house pets; their long soft 




SMOOTH-COATED ST. BERNARD. 

John Poag's "Watch." 



14 Tfonsc and Pcf Do^^s. 

cars, picLLy paws, aiul cn.i;'a,i;in,n' \va)s all iceioiiiniciul 
Ihcm as such, i)roviclccl there arc means to j^ivc the 
larger sorts (larger than the IJlciiheinis and King 
(Charles) a good swim, for spaniels, like ducks, must 
go into the water. No dog "makes up" so prettily 
as a small spaniel; ribbons become him, there is an 
air of \an Dyke i)ictures and (^ueen Henrietta 
Maria associated with him when seen with his mis- 
tress in a city drawing-room, or driving beside her 
on bright-colored cushions. 

II one looks at the selection of a dog from an 
lesthetic point of view — and why not — he should be 
chosen to accord with or to make a harmony with 
his owner, such as a tall and graceful man or woman 
accompanied by a grexhound. 'I'hey would have 
their surroundings to corrcspontl with themselves. 
Put that greyhound beside a fat and stumpy person, 
and any one would note the discord. A greyhound 
has the advantage of short hair; he is below the 
average of intelligence, not a good watcher, the 
smaller ones delicate and very chilly. Again, see a 
young man in a white flannel suit, with l)rown shoes, 
etc., with a brindle and white terrier — there is a 
l)icture all made. The fox-terrier is fashionable, 
and for a city house dog very good. In England 
his value is increased as the number of dark spots 



Choice of a House Dog. 15 

diminish. They :ire the most mischievous of pup- 
pies, so if a young one is bought, expensive as they 
are, in the course of a short time he will destroy to 
the value of his price. We have had such an ex- 
perience; whipping-, nothing would do, until at last 
he killed a favorite canary through the bars of the 
cage, then he was exiled. When grown he became 
a satisfactory little dog. The bull-terrier puppy of 
fine breed is more easily trained than most other 
sorts; he learns obedience and good manners easily 
(if you are firm), is bright, amusing, he need not be 
made cross, and if kept where there are no other 
dogs to pick a quarrel with when grown, will be 
gentle and affectionate to his human friends, and an 
excellent watch. All white is considered the color. 
We have seen entirely brindled ones that we thought 
handsome. Darwin says that all quite white animals 
are deaf. We have noted it in almost all white cats 
and dogs. 

Of the larger sorts the setter is often a house dog. 
even in cities, but it is cruel to keep one of his size, 
and who requires so much exercise, imprisoned in 
streets and made to breathe the close atmosphere of 
a city house. Doing so subjects him to many dis- 
eases and much hardship. As a bird dog he is 
valued because his long hair keeps him from being 



1 6 TTousr ai](f Prt Doa^s. 

scratched in l)Lishcs and thorns. 'IMiat han- also gets 
full of burs and hayseed, fuller yet of Ih^as. M'here 
are various sojts and all prices, but in ,i;ettin)^ one 
for a pet, one that has not " a L!,ood nose " is desir- 
able, because as not needed lor shootini; with, he is 
less likelv to go after game of himself. All bird 
dogs are desirable to keep where tlure are children, 
because they are not snappish; besides, their motiths 
and teeth are formed t(^ carry game without mangl- 
ing, thus do not make as sharp a bite as those pos- 
sessed of sharp teeth and a pointed snout. We have 
seen a bird dog suffer a great dccd Irom a child's 
teasing, still retain his good humor. A pointer is 
our favorite among dogs for a lady's companion in a 
country house. 'I'hey have intelligence, a gentle 
disposition, not boisterous wa\-s; they will watch 
over and j^lay with a child ; in a word be made an 
ideal dog; they do not take to strangers, which is a 
good trait, and make the best of watchers; their ears 
and their nose l)eing so c[uick to hear and smell they 
detect the approach of a i)erson before any one else 
will. We have seen one start up and bark when the 
wind blew the scent of some one toward him, who 
was concealed from siglit by bushes in the night, and 
whose footsteps were inaudible on tlie grass. Those 
with the most white are desired by sportsmen, beirg 



t8 House and Pet Do^^s. 

easily seen at a distance, ami brin.i;- a iiiiR-h higher 
price than dark ones, hut dark-colored ones are 
much handsomer. 

The collie is a beautiful animal, very .graceful, 
beautifully shaded if brown, very valuable in many 
ways, and very good for a boy to romp with. It is 
hard to say it of any so attractive, that he is not de- 
sirable. It is their nature to drive animals, so they 
cannot be broken of chasing horses and carriages, 
which is such a dangerous pradice as to keep the 
owner in constant dread that there will be an acci- 
dent, or to bring him into trouble with his neighbor; 
they also are snappish, not for badness but in play, 
usually biting at the feet or puUmg the dress for a 
frolic, or in their gladness to see you. The collie's 
l)lace is at the barn, where he will drive the cows to 
and from the jKisture every day, or stay around 
watching the men at their w^ork, with one eye on the 
safety of the stable, l)ut not on the piazza while the 
pony ])haet()n and the village carl are bringing young 
ladies to call on his mistress. 

The Spitz is of the past — but one can remember 
how extremely popular he once was; then came the 
hue and cry (principally raised by certain \ew ^'ork 
pa})ers), ''Down with the Sjiitz;"" "rabies;" "an- 
other victim;"' and all that sort of talk. We never 



Choice of a House Dog. 19 

believed so much bad of him. If he heid been shorn 
of his long hair in summer and kept cool, he would 
have remained as sane as any other dog; certainly 
he had a peculiar disposition, and one it was not 
worth while to encourage with so many idiosyncra- 
sies. In those days we had a friend who brought a 
Spitz, or rather a Pomeranian, dog from the other 
side. The first time we saw him he barked most 
furiously, keeping it up (enough to frighten most 
people) until his mistress came into the parlor, 
greeting us very cordially. Then he sat on the floor 
opposite to us, gazing steadily at us for some while, 
after which he jumped on the sofa, put his paw on 
our shoulder and wanted to lick our cheek. Ever 
after we were the best of friends. After a while the 
mistress died. We did not then visit the house for 
many months, on which occasion the dog greeted 
us with enthusiasm, seating himself quietly by our 
side. We remained to dinner; upon that he left his 
place by his master to sit by us. During his mis- 
tress' life he had barely tolerated his master, but 
after her death he was devoted to him until he mar- 
ried again, when the Spitz became so cross to the 
new wife he had to be sent away. We relate this to 
show the peculiar disposition of the Spitz — jealous, 
attaching himself to one person and disliking others. 



20 



House and Pet Do^^s. 



I'A'cry one who knows Konu- recalls iIk- pretty 
little Roman doi;. 'I'iie C'liiluialuia doi:^ from Mex- 
ico is ecpially bright and nice. 'I'here are very few 
of them in, New \'ork. ^\'ould there were more; for, 
besides beini;' very desirable as a small one, their 
being natives of a warm climate makes both them 
and the Roman well suited to keep in health during 
the summer heat of America. 




CARE AND FEEDINa 

IT IS very hard to have to "pay premiums to ex- 
perience," but in the Hves of all of us such is 
often the case, especially in the bringing up or treat- 
ment of animals. 

Who has not lost a horse, cow or dog through 
want of knowledge, perhaps sending for the veterin- 
ary when the animal was beyond his skill? The 
books on dogs' diseases are so full of disorders that 
to look them over a novice would fear to accept the 
responsibility of keeping a dog, deeming him liable 
to get every ailment human flesh is subject to besides 
those of his own, and being dumb, harder to treat. 
The novice need not hesitate, however, the great 
thing is to keep him well, and to do so, diet, cleanli- 
ness and exercise are all that are needful. 

There is an absurd notion in this country that a 
plain diet must be a sign of poverty. On once con- 



22 House a??d Pet Dops. 



gratulating a gardener's wife upon the rosy, healthy- 
condition of her children, she said, "Yes, sir, they 
are always well; I keep them upon porridge and po- 
tatoes; not that I cannot afford pies and cookies as 
well as Mrs. O'Leary, who gives hers freedom of the 
same, and of the melon patch, and they do forever 
be ailing." 

We know a Mrs. Million, one of whose aims in life 
is to let her world know how extravagant she is. 
Calling on her one afternoon, we spoke of a little 
dog we had seen out wnth her. " Yes," she said, " I 

got him from Mr. , the celebrated dealer in 

England, giving a lot of money for him. The vet. 
says he is a most rare dog (he is there now, as he is 
dreadfully ill). It seems the servants have been 
giving him w^oodcock — just fancy, we found a whole 
one in his basket, no doubt they were a little too 
gamy." We knew she said this to demonstrate that 
woodcock were as plenty in her house as beefsteaks 
were in ours.- Be it as it may, the dog died; and it 
seemed a pity that a valuable and rare dog should 
be sacrificed to the ostentation of a silly woman. 
Now, we hope that none of our readers are equally 
foolish about their dogs, realizing that an unhealthy 
one is like everything else with a flaw — not worth 
much. 




DEERHOUND. 
J. E. Thayer's "Wanda." 



24, House and Pet Do^s. 

FEEDING PUPPIES. 

To commence with the feeding of a puppy, he 
should be given dry bread, and buttermilk if you 
have it; if not, boiled milk, or rather scalded milk. 
If the scalded milk is found to be constipating, add 
some oatmeal porridge to thicken it. When he is 
cutting his teeth, crumbs of toast, hard cracker, or 
crusts of stale bread are needed. No one cares to 
eat the outside slice of a loaf, so that may be made 
stale, hard, and broken up for the little dog. Dry 
cornbread is very nice. If there are several to feed, 
get old rolls or loaves from the baker. You will 
find how extremely fond all old dogs are of hard 
crusts. A young one, if given too many at once, 
will carry them off to bury them, and bring them out 
on another day. 

The English breeders say that the American-bred 
dogs are so much fed on "slops," meaning mush and 
soft food, that their jaws and teeth are not as firm 
and strong as they should be. 

"Give my dog a bone." There are bones and 
bones — never give a poultry bone — it splinters up 
and may stick in the throat, causing strangulation. 
A big leg-of-mutton bone, or a beefsteak bone, will 
occupy a juvenile for hours sucking out the marrow. 
Some smaller beef and chop bones do not digest 



Care and Feeding. 25 

well, as they are crushed up, swallowed, and after a 
time will be thrown up; and there may ensue a 
chronic weakness of the stomach, so that good food 
will not stay down. Cutting teeth on bones some- 
times makes the edges chip off. Dog cake is much 
used as hard food. A good clean dog will be morti- 
fied at destroying the tidiness of the house by throw- 
ing up his food; such a dog should not be punished 
for it. You must not give the odds and ends left after 
dinner to the canine favorite as if he were a pig, for 
a mixture or a variety of food at one time does not 
do; besides, there would be some things, such as 
tomatoes in a stew or cheese in maccaroni, that de- 
cidedly disagree with him. One of the premiums we 
paid to experience was a beautiful collie puppy, who 
was kept at the stable, and his diet not watched as it 
should have been. We noticed under the trees a 
number of pears with bites taken out. We won- 
dered, and asked what person did it. The gardener, 
(who was an Englishman) said, " Hits Dundee, mem, 
as heats the pears, I seed 'im hat hit." We thought 
nothing of it; but the pears continued to drop and 
be bitten until the dog was very ill. We could not 
pour the medicine (which he would not take) down 
his throat for fear of being bitten, so the "bonnie 
Dundee" died. 



2 6 



House ami Pet Do^'S. 



'X\\(- reLiiiiU' tOi- ilu' (la\' slioiild Ix- l)r('akfast of 
porrid _!;•(.' iikkK' <»I' oalincal. cornmeal or liominy, with 
or wilhoiil milk, a small saucer full for a ])uppv; 
laaists and a few bits of iiu-at. if he is over six 
months, for dinner. A ^rown-np house doLi' should 
have very little meat, and only once a day: the din- 
ner should he not later than 3 o'clock, as an earlv 
r.u-al is a L^-reat assistance to tlie liahit of beim^- 
•'house broke." This should be varied b\' vegeta- 
bles every few davs foi- ^rown-up doos. A book we 
have says cal)ba,o-e; but never ,L;ive cabbage. Pota- 
toes are too fattening'; carrots and beets nicelv pre- 
pared should be {(t^\ in summer, beinj^- o'ood for the 
blood: doo-s ustially like them, and are also fond of 
pumpkin, whicli has no special merit. A small 
quantity of ve.Lietables may ])e mixed with the meat, 
and if the do^' leaves it at first, teach him to like it 
by feeding- with the fmoers. At the same time neat- 
ness in eating may be taught so as not to soil the 
car[-)et l)y dragging pieces off the plate. W'e had a 
large dog who learned to eat off a fork, and drink 
out of a spoon without spilling. 

A \)WVM of sulphur kept in the i)ail of water is of 
no tise whatever, save to give it a nasty taste: an 
animal ap|)reciates a drink of (^ool, fresh water as 
mu(di as a ])i'rs()n does. Sulphur should be given 



2 8 House and Pet Do^s. 

about once a fortniulit in summer; for a grown one 
a level teaspoonful of flower of sulphur smoothly 
mixed in milk before breakfast. A friend who had 
recently ''set up" a terrier came to us in a great 
fright, saying that he had eaten the tips off a lot of 
parlor matches; on inquiry we found he had been 
stuffed with meat and nothing else. Was it not a 
remarkable case of instinct that led him to discover 
the sulphur matches and make a medicine of them ? 
Sweet things, and above all sugar, loosens a dog's 
teeth, and injures the gums, which may be proved 
by the number of ladies' pets one sees with only a 
few crooked teeth in their mouths. 

TO RID OF FLEAS. 

We did not intend to discuss fleas, as we fancied 
every one knew how to dispose of them. Picking 
and combing will not get rid of them, unless the dog 
is also powdered and washed. Oet the Dalmatian 
powder, fresh, and put it on the back along the 
spine, working from tail to head, using the arrange- 
ment provided for blowing it on. He should be 
washed once a week in summer with carbolic soaj) 
suds, rinsed and dried ver}' dry with a large burlap 
towel, then tie him so that he will not roll on the 
grass while damp, it improves a white dog's c^olor 



Care and Feeding, 29, 

to put a little bluing in the water. Never put him 
in a tub, it should always be a sponge bath, and is 
best given in the stable or laundry. For any symp- 
tom of skin disease tar soap or sulphur soap should 
be used, Pears' soap when he becomes dirty or dusty 
between the regular wash days. A dog likes to be 
clean, and when washed will jump around as he feels 
so nicely, and seemingly to show his improved con- 
dition to the family. 

EXERCISE. 

Eczema (skin disease) is not difficult to manage if 
you live in the country; but in a city it may become 
a tax to go out walking to exercise a dog after the 
novelty has worn off, but it must be done, and he 
must run as well as- walk. Want of exercise and 
fresh air means a poor digestion, bad breath and 
skin disease. The mange may not make its appear- 
ance, but the hair will look dry like an old door mat, 
and if long will come out in spots as if moth-eaten. 

In a city house throw his ball down-stairs again 
and again, and make him fetch it each time; invent 
some game to keep him in rapid motion and set his 
sluggish blood going. If there are two it is a nice 
chance to teach them to respect each other's rights, 
by throwing the ball or stick, saying "Tottie," "now 



30 House and Pet Dogs. 

Leo," aiul do not let T.eo pick it up when you say 

Tottie, and I'ice versa. It is also well to ])ursue the 

same plan of calling their names when feeding, as it 

prevents grabbing each other's food and snarling 

over it. 

TREATMENT FOR WORMS. 

One of the ailments common to dogs is worms — a 
disagreeable subject, but one that cannot be avoided, 
and the owner must keep it in mind and be on the 
lookout. One of the signs is a voracious appetite 
and keeping thin. Give the puppy daily all the 
thick sour milk he will eat. Do not stuff him with 
mush and then offer him the sour milk, but mix the 
two, or better still, give the thick milk alone before 
his regular breakfast. Worms will appear long 
enough for the longest Latin name that scientific 
minds can invent, but there is no occasion to worry, 
and above all things do not give any drugs. 

There will be days when the puppy will eat little, 
or perhaps decline to eat at all. Man is said to be 
t:he only animal which does not know enough to re- 
frain from eating when sick, even the hog being his 
superior in that respect. At such times, do not 
tempt the puppy with meat. Let him alone; he 
will come back to his mush when he ought to eat 
anything. 



Care and Feeding. 31 

There is much to be dreaded from distemper — 
which is the illness of puppies. For this and other 
reasons, it is best not to get a puppy under six 
months old. They rarely have it in the winter, thus 
the autumn is the safest season to get a young dog, 
because by spring he will be a year old and go 
through the second summer's heat nicely. The dis- 
temper prevails the worst in kennels where many 
dogs are kept and boarded. If one comes to his 
home perfectly well, by observing the laws of health 
he will either remain perfectly well or have it lightly. 
' Damp grass is a source of some troubles, neither 
an old nor a young dog should be permitted to lie 
around on grass after heavy rains. Even if he is a 
house dog it is a good plan for a yearling to have a 
kennel near the front door full of clean straw, and to 
be fastened to it for a while each day, to have fresh 
air instead of roaming around alone. Some bird 
dogs, especially pointers, have sensitive lungs, and 
in severe or snowy weather want comfort and care 
and not too much romping in snowdrifts. We had 
one which had consumption and a cough, so he 
was sent to the South for a genial winter climate, 
where he lived until quite old. That pointer was 
greatly valued by his master as a field dog, and he 
was loved as the children's playmate. 



32 



House and Pet Docs. 



A PORTABLE KENNEL. 

At first sight it does not seem as if tlie keiineiini; 
of a single clog should be worth mentioning, and we 
suppose it is not to those worthies who stal)le their 
dogs with their horses, or rram[) them in an old 
sugar hogshead; but if we can provide a kennel 
which combines cleanliness, comfort and easy loco- 
motive (jualities at the same time and with little ex- 
pense, why not adopt it? The best device is an 
ordinary single kennel forty-eight inches by thirty- 
three inches, with an A roof, but with a detached 
bottom of the same size as the outside ground meas- 
urement of the kennel. This bottom is hinged by 
two stout strap iron hinges to the side of the kennel, 
and is provided with two wooden axles, to which are 
fitted four wooden wheels, say four inches in diam- 
eter. \\'hen closed it looks like any other kennel on 
wheels. It can be easily moved by one person from 
damp spots, etc.; and by turning the kennel back 
upon its hinges the bedding can be daily sunned and 
aired and the kennel washed and ])urified without 
trouble. The wheels also serve to keep the bottom 
clear of the grcnind, and allow of a free circulation 
of air beneath. 

'I'arred paj^er, such as is used in buiklings, one 
or. two thicknesses on the lloor, under the bedding, 




GREAT DANE. 

Mrs. R. Herbert's "Norseman. 



34 House and Pet Do^^s. 

makes protection against dampness and against ver- 
min as well. The lower or box part might ])e an 
iron casting. 

EXERCISE FOR A CHAINED DOCx. 

The following plan for chaining up dogs works 
well, and by it the animal tied has more liberty than 
if confined in the usual manner. Make a sort of 
turnstile, only with two arms instead of four, and tie 
the dog to one of the arms. Set a stout post into 
the ground, standing out about four feet. Round 
off the top of the post dome-shaped, and bore down 
into the center a hole to receive, without splitting, a 
half-inch bolt. On top of the post place crosswise, 
so that it will about balance, a pole or piece of scant- 
ling about fourteen feet in length. The pole or 
crosspiece to be held in place by a half-inch bolt 
passing through a hole in the middle, and driven 
into the hole bored to receive it in the top of the 
post. The hole in the crosspiece needs to be a little 
larger in diameter than the bolt, so that the cross- 
piece can easily revolve. The bolt should fit tightly 
the hole in top of the post, and should have a large, 
flat head to prevent the crosspiece working up and 
slipping off. Put iron washers on the bolt between 
the top of po.st and crosspiece, and between the 



Care and Feedmg. 35 

crosspiece and head of bolt. Have the bolt long 
enough to go well down into the post, or it will in 
time work loose, and the crosspiece jump off. Bore 
a hole in one end of crosspiece to pass the end of 
the dog's chain through, and put a portable kennel 
anywhere inside the circle passed over by the arms. 
A dog tied in this way can have a good gallop in a 
circle. 

Another plan is to stretch a wire from post to 
post, or along a fence, or the side of a house or 
barn, and attach the chain by a ring which will slide 
along the wire so that the dog can run back and 
forth. 

TREATMENT OF SICK PET DOGS. 

"In the canine world the lines of a pet dog usually 
fall in pleasant places. He is indulged (not always 
wisely) beyond his fellows and, being in the majority 
of instances under the protection of a lady, he may 
be looked upon as an exceptionally lucky dog. No 
expense is spared, no time or trouble grudged to 
make his short life pleasant, and in the hour of sick- 
ness care and attention as that bestowed on a human 
member of the family (possibly more) is freely and 
affectionately exercised. Unfortunately, however, 
cases occur in which the removal of the patient to 



36 House aiul Pet y^o^s. 

another spluTc hcconics necessary, and it is under 
such circannstances the remarks i have to make are 
based. Mrstlv, then, the treatment of a pet dog thus 
removed should be a <]irect observance, so far as 
possible, to his usual (^)mforts. A kennel to a draw- 
ing room dog is as a c^ell to a human being under 
similar conditions, and the approach of an ordinary 
kennel attendant as that of a jailer. All indoor pet 
dogs should be received intloors and not l)e stacked 
away in the kennel above kennel or menagerie style, 
in close proximitv to dogs of all degree, and tortured 
or excited In' their contincal snarls, yelpings, or 
whines. Secondly, to treat a pet dog real affedion 
tor the species is necessary; assumed affection wdl 
not answer. No animal so readily detects and ap- 
l)reciates kindness in man as the dog, or as ({uickly 
discovers his assumed affection. .\ i)iece of sugar 
to a spoiled (diild is not the bait to (piiet and assure 
a timid and sensitive dog. Vhc clean sawdust or 
cushion on the day of visiting will not atone for the 
lack of imi)rovement in health, or diminish the wUd 
delight of the patient on seeing his mistress. Thirdly, 
a tenderly-handled dog recpiires tender handling, 
and doubly so when invalided; a caressed dog in- 
vites caressing, and, under pain, soothing words and 
gentle treatment are more ap[)reciated than perhai)s 



38 House and Pet Doi^s. 

any measures ilic aUciulanl can adopt. V'iiially, to 
i^o thoroughl)- into the treatment of pet closes, the at- 
tendant must go thoroughly into the usual home life 
of the animal, its disposition and i)eculiarities, and 
enter into the feelings of its owner. Everything 
must be ascertained that is likely to add to its com- 
fort or discomfort, its pain or alleviation, and no one 
but a genuine dog lover can do this. The same 
argument will apply to the nurse; indeed, 1 may 
reiterate what 1 have observed on the subject of 
'nursing" in ni}- work on ''idle Management of 
Dogs': 'That as in human, so in canine practice, 
good nursing is one of the greatest helps the med- 
ical attendant can have; indeed, it may almost be 
said to be mdispeiisable in the treatment of disease. 
Warmth, comfort, cleanliness, pure air, good food 
and water, regularity in the administration of medi- 
cine where it has to be given, kindness, watchfulness 
in the progress or abatement of certain symptoms, 
are all matters re(|uiring the supervision of the 
nurse. In short, the health of the i)atient is in the 
majority of cases (juite as much m the hands of the 
nurse as the professional attendant, and the fault so 
often, in all classes of i)ractice, attatdied to the med- 
ical treatment, woukl generally be more correctly 
placed to the lack of attention on the j)art of those 



Care and Feeding. 39 

on whom the general care of the patient devolves. 
It is always, therefore, advisable to let the latter 
know the full extent of his or her responsibility; and 
that though the charge is, as they may express it, 
'but a dog,' it is endued with imagination, instincts 
and thought; has a language of its own, is sensible 
of neglect, harshness, yea, even cross looks on the 
part of those ministering to it, and to a degree rarely 
exhibited in other of the lower animals. The two 
then — the practitioner and nurse — acting in combi- 
nation, and working to the same end, if they do not 
reap the desired reward of their labors, have at least 
the satisfaction of knowing they did their best for 
the patient under their care.' Science without feel- 
ing, nursing without interest, are both misapplied, 
for 'An hour of pain is as long as a day of pleas- 
ure,' and 'An acute word cuts deeper than a sharp 
weapon;' while 'Kindness is the noblest weapon to 
conquer with.' Three good old proverbs that may 
fitly adorn the infirmary of all genuine canine prac- 
titioners, and which are especially applicable to the 
conclusion of these remarks."— Professor J. Wood- 
ruffe Hill. 

Rheumatism in the dog, says an English writer, 
assumes several forms; it occurs in the region of 
the loins, and so represents lumbago in man. It 



40 House and Pet Dogs. 

affects the joints, as it does in the human subject, 
and a characteristic form is common to sporting 
dogs, and is known as kennel lameness, which is 
apparently due to rheumatism in the subscapular 
muscles, arising from exposure to cold and damp in 
kennels. Youatt suggests that the disease may be 
associated with sprain, which is not unlikely, as a 
rheumatic tendency is certain to exhibit itself most 
prominently in a damaged limb, as sufferers from the 
affection know too well. 

One chief cause of kennel lameness is exposure to 
damp, and the correction is the proper arrangement 
of the beds sufficiently above the floor. To lie high 
and dry is a maxim which is based on sound princi- 
ples and sustained by successful practice. Causes 
of rheumatism are in dogs and men about the same. 
First, the particular habit of body must exist, and 
this is most probably the outcome of defective or 
perverted nutrition. Rheumatism is allied to gout, 
and both seem to be associated with digestive errors, 
which aid in the formation of acid products. Uric 
acid is the special agent in gout, and lactic acid may 
perhaps play the most important part in the rheu- 
matic state. Mayhew's view, that rheumatism is one 
of the diseases due to high living, is not at all far- 
fetched, as an indulgence in flesh food it exactly 



Care and Feeding. 41 

what might be expected to cause the formation of such 
secondary organic products as uric acids and its salts. 

Symptoms of rheumatism in dogs are not unhke 
those which are observed in rheumatic men, save 
that in dogs the intestines are ahnost invariably 
affected, and constipation, with swelling and heat of 
the belly, are present in nearly all cases. 

In the form which is allied to lumbago of man, the 
dog is still in his movements and prefers to remain 
still, with the back arched. Pressure to the loins 
causes extreme pain, which the animal expresses by 
his cries. In bad cases the use of the hind extremi- 
ties is quite lost, and this condition is designated by 
Youatt by the term "palsy;" and Blaine evidently 
recognizes the same state when he speaks of para- 
lysis in the hind extremities. Acute rheumatism of 
the dog is accompanied with fever, increased breath- 
ing, quick pulse, and rise of internal temperature; 
the signs of rheumatic fever. In the chronic form 
the symptoms are less marked, but in any case it is 
admitted, by old and modern writers, that a dog 
which had once suffered from rheumatism is always 
likely to have another attack if he is exposed to cold 
and damp. In the treatment of rheumatism there is 
a difference to be observed in regard to internal 
remedies. 



42 House and Pet Dogs. 

The remedies which are in common use in the 
treatment of rheumatism in man are sahcyHc acid, 
or, more often now, the saHcylate of soda, iodide of 
potassium, and the carbonate or bicarbonate of pot- 
ash, on which some practitioners pin their faith. 
Doses of these agents will vary according to the age 
and size of the dog, and the range is therefore likely 
to be considerable, varying from one grain to ten of 
the iodide of potassium or salicylate of soda, and 
from five to twenty grains of the bicarbonate of pot- 
ash. Besides medical treatment, the diet must be 
regulated, avoiding flesh for a time and substituting 
vegetables. Protection from cold and wet is abso- 
lutely essential, and this is particularly to be ob- 
served in regard to the sleeping accommodation. 
Nothing is gained by keeping a dog dry and warm 
all day and turning it into a damp kennel at night. 

CARE OF DOGS IN SPRING. 

Dog owners are often distressed and mortified in 
the spring of the year at seeing their dogs evincing 
the very bad taste of eating carrion, and often roll- 
ing in it and thereby making themselves extremely 
offensive. The true reason why dogs show this dis- 
position may not be generally known. In the spring 
they, like all other animals, feel the need of a purga- 



ill 
iiilll 




44 House and Pet Dogs. 

tive. Decomposing animal matter serves as a ca- 
thartic. It is very easily digested, and carnivorous 
animals in their wild state often bury portions of 
their food so that it may be partially decomposed, 
because the process of decomposition is really a 
cooking process, and cooking food, as a rule, makes 
it tenderer, as every one knows. Again, in the pro- 
cess of decomposition of animal matter, sulphuretted 
hydrogen — the gas that makes the odor of bad eggs 
so offensive — is largely given off. The sulphur in 
this attenuated form is the active principle that 
makes decaying meat so powerfully cathartic. This 
is to a great extent what the dogs are craving. Now 
for the remedy. Give dogs md^at that has been 
cooked, and also give them some sulphur on it. 
The sulphur can be put in the meat so that they will 
not hesitate to eat it. 

TREATMENT OF POISONING. 

Believing that a brief reference to some of the 
more common and popularly known poisons from 
which dogs are most likely to suffer, and their anti- 
dotes, may be of use to our readers, we quote as fol- 
lows from Mr. Dalziel's excellent little book on 
"The Diseases of Dogs": 

Perhaps none of our domestic animals are so liable 



Ccire and Feeding. 45 

to suffer from the effects of poisonous substances as 
the dog; his restless and inquisitive nature, and that 
inveterate habit of routing into every accessible hole 
and corner, lays him open to it, while the sporting 
dog, on duty in places where unsportsmanlike prac- 
tices prevail, is exposed to special danger. Dog- 
poisoning is either the result of design — where some 
envious or malicious and cowardly person is the per- 
petrator — or it is the result of the ignorance of per- 
sons administering to the animal drugs of the nature 
and action of which they are ignorant; or from acci- 
dent, which, properly interpreted, in most cases 
means culpable negligence on the part of those 
having to use poisonous substances for the destruc- 
tion of vermin or other purposes. 

Against the malicious poisoner it is difficult to 
provide; being rarely forewarned we cannot be fore- 
armed, and against accidental poisoning much can 
be done by using reasonable care when it is neces- 
sary to use poison. The following will cover the 
great majority of cases: Arsenic, corrosive subli- 
mate, phosphorus, strychnine, cantharides, carbolic 
acid, and what of late has caused serious trouble, 
Paris green. As a general rule, for distinguishing 
between the evidence of poisoning and the symp- 
toms of disease, the suddenness of the attack must 



46 



House a II J /\'f JWs. 



wei.L;ii largely; ;m(i l)\- tracing' wlierc I he <l()i;' has 
bt't'U, and what he has or is hkcl)- to have picked up, 
a prclt\' aeciii'atc (onrhisioii may he arrived at. 

'I'he first step in l)e taken in most eases is to 
t'reelv empty tlie stoiwaeh !)y 'neans of emeties, as 
tartar emetic, suli^hate of zinc, if^ecacaianha wine, or, 
if none of these are at hand, by drenching- with luke- 
warm water, and afterward L>ivinL:,' the antidotes in- 
dicated if procurable, l)nt, under any (irtaimstances, 
i^ive demuk^ents, su(-h as boiled Hour and milk, 
starch, oruel, milk .and e<^i;s beaten np, olive oil, etc., 
m (^)nsideral)le quantities. .\ dose of castor oil may 
also be L;iven, and, if the do.L;' suffer much pam, a 
dose of opium or laudanum every three hours. 
Where i:;]-vdt depression and weakness follow, stim- 
ulants (as ether, wine, whisky, brandy) should be 
given in small (juantities at frecjuent intervals. 

Arsknu . — Syniptonis: (Ireat heat and pain in the 
stomach and bowels, sometimes ac(^()m])anie(l with 
swelling, the l)elly being very tender to the touch; 
great thirst; frequent vomiting and retching; more 
or less discharges of frothy saliva; frecpient evacua- 
tions of fluid, dark-colored matter often marked with 
blood. The animal soon loses muscular power, to a 
ua'eat (.'.\tent. showing an indisposition to move; the 
tongue, lips, etc., become red and swollen, and the 




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S 


13 



48 House and Pet Do^^s. 

breathing more and more labored and painful. An- 
tidotes: Ferrugo, or hydrated sesquioxyde of iron, 
twelve parts of which combine with one of arsenic, 
forming an msolul)le compound; also light magnesia, 
which will remove one-twenty-fifth its weight of 
arsenic from its solution in water. 

Strychnine. — Symptoms: Severe, acute pain, mak- 
ing the dog utter sharp cries; frequent twitchings 
and jerkings of the head and limbs; the fore and 
hindlegs are drawn toward each other, and the back 
is arched; the fits of cramp and twitching are inter- 
mittent, but are really brought on by a touch or 
even sudden noise; foaming at the mouth is also a 
frequent symptom. Antidotes: An emetic, which 
should immediately be given, and afterward butter, 
lard or other fat \\\ considerable quantities 

Phosphorus. — Antidote: Calcined magnesia, with 
diluents and demulcents given in quantity. 

Cantharides. — Frequently given by ignorant 
men for purposes, which are defeated, which pro- 
duces dangerous results, causing mflammation of 
the urinary organs. Symptoms: Violent thirst; copi- 
ous discharge of bloody mucus from the stomach, 
mixed with which may be seen the shiny green parti- 
cles of the flies. There is great pain in the loins, 
swelling and inflammation of the genital organs, pain 



Care and Feeding. 49 

in the bowels and bloody stools and urine. Antidotes: 
An emetic should at once be given, and the dog 
should afterward be drenched with demulcents (such 
as oil), and a dose of opium given every three or 
four hours. 

Corrosive Sublimate is used for a variety of 
purposes about farms. It is also used for destroy- 
ing vermin. Symptoms: Violent vomiting and purg- 
ing of stringy and offensive matter; the belly dis- 
tended and painful to the touch; the urine sup- 
pressed; cramp and twitches in the limbs, and fre- 
quently paralysis ensues. Antidotes: Tartar emetic 
as an emetic; white of eggs, followed immediately 
by infusions of galls; milk or gluten of wheat. Of 
the chemical antidotes, the albumen of eggs is by 
far the best; the white of one ^gg is sufficient to 
neutralize or render insoluble four grains of solid 
bi-chloride of mercury. 

Carbolic Acid. — This produces baneful effects 
by absorption through the pores of the skin when 
too freely used. It causes great prostration with 
trembling of the whole frame. Symptoms: Extra- 
ordinary depression of the vital powers; there is 
general shivering and almost constant trembling of 
the limbs, and a palsied motion of the head; bleeding 
at the nose is a frequent symptom, and the dis- 



.so 



Jfousc auif Pet Do-$. 



(■1kh\l;c-^ I'rnni llir bnwi'ls .ire also <it'u-ii sl.imnl with 
blood. 'I'lir coiinteMiaiicc of llic .MilTcrcr is expres- 
sive' of a most lu-l])jcss and painful slaU'. 

r\isi> ("iKi I \. — riu' arsiaiiU' of copper; t'XUn- 
sivfl\- iisril for (K'siroxinL; llu- "potato bui;." Sxiiif^- 
/>>;//s i;/i,i d/if/(i(>/r: Sanu' as by ai'MMiic jjoisoiiini;. 

( "orrosi\"(_' snl)liinatc', pliospliorus and slrychninc 
cat li cnlrr into llir composition of paste and powder, 
lai",L:elv sold lor the destruction of verinm; and it is 
when so usedJ)em,L;' j)la(H(l on bread and butter, bits 
of meat, etc .. that they are most likely to be picked 
up bv the do''-. 



TRAINING PET DOGS. 



THERE is nothing which adds so much to the 
pleasure and pride one feels in owning a 
good dog, as to know that besides being affectionate 
and handsome, he is intelligent. Moreover, there is 
no surer passport to general favor for a dog than 
the display of such intelligence. Most people dis- 
like dogs for no better reason than that they know 
nothing of dog nature, but these same people dis- 
play the greatest astonishment and interest when 
they see a dog that can do anything unusual. One 
that will -mind, or that will lie down or go to his 
place when told to, strikes them as being something 
entirely unusual. They are likely to say, " I do not 
like dogs usually, but yours seems remarkably in- 
telligent." If the dog can perform a few simple 
tricks, the interest and wonder of such persons is 
still further heightened. 



52 House and Pet Dogs. 

Success in training pet dogs depends almost alto- 
gether on the judgment, discretion and patience of 
their teachers. We know of no more intelligent 
remarks on this subject than those found in the 
chapter entitled '' Ladies' Pet Dogs," printed in Mr. 
S. T. Hammond's excellent work on the education 
of the dog, entitled "Training vs. Breaking," which 
by permission we reproduce here: 

"The special education of house dogs falls within 
the scope of this book. An animal which has re- 
ceived some training is certain to be vastly more 
interesting than one which is nothing more than a 
lap dog. Such an animal may be made useful in 
many ways, and from the fact that it does not have 
to be continually looked after, causes much less 
trouble than one which has been taught nothing. 

"No intelligent person who has carefully perused 
the earlier chapters of this book will have failed to 
observe that the essentials to success in teaching a 
dog are kindness, patience and firmness. In the 
case of pet dogs, which are to receive their educa- 
tion at the hands of women, the order of these essen- 
tials may be reversed, and we may speak of them as 
firmness, patience and kindness. There is little 
danger that a lady will be unnecessarily severe with 
her pet, and so it is not worth while to recommend 




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ci« 



/Av/sr ,///,/ /',/ /I"'.. 



luT III .span- tin; i'imI in it^ rdiicat k m. I'luTc is. 
hn\\c\(T. v\c\\ ])i'(»l)al)ilit \- llial a iIo.l:, it' he t»c ( iiii- 
niiiLi," ami ()l)si mate, niax' 1)\' ])ci-sislciit 1\- rcfiisiriL:,- to 
«)l>r\\ wear out tlic palic-iicc n\ his iiiislrcss ami 
India (■ her fur llir nionuMU a.t least — tn ,L!,ivr tin llic 
^'.rn^'^ir, ami >< > ma\- .L^ain a vi( t()i"\- which lu- will 
rcincinlx,-!" Ini- a l<»n^- tinu\ 'I'his is a serious iiiis- 
h'Ttiiiif. and iMic which should he guarded a,L;"amsl 
m e\ci'\- possihlc waw It \\l-v(\ wvwr oetair, and will 
not to those wlio laaiieinher the tea(~hinL;s which we 
are endeavoring to maki' jdain. 

■• l'.eto!\- ,ij,oiiiL; into aii\" details in tins matter, it is 
perhaps woi-lii while t<» remark that doL^s do not l)y 
lUsMnci iMiderstaml tln' I'ai^lish lan^uaii'c. It is 
(pane a common ihiii^- to see pL'o|)le ^ive a comuiand 
to a stram^e do^\ and, afti-r rep(.'atin,L;' it several 
times. l)e( ome (piite ani^rv because it is not ohewd. 
!'( I'soiis who act ill this wa\' do not take the trouble 
to think. A d<»i4- obex's a certain command L;iven by 
a particular person because he has learned that the 
sounds uttered arc td be followed b\- some act of his 
Mwn. but \\i- does not know what meaiiiuL:" those 
-iMiuds . ()n\-e\- to us. A do-- cduid be tau.^hl to 
' < h,irL;e ' b\' s;'i\ui)^ to liiiii 'Stand on \dur head,' just 
as ca^iK as at the ^oiind df the W( u'd which we com- 
UH HI l\ rm| )1( i\'. 



Training Pet Dogs. 55 

"Sir John Lubbock is said to have taught his dog 
to read; and, while this is of course not Hterally true, 
his experiments are so interesting, and show so well 
what may be done in the education of this animal, 
that we give them below. In his first note on the 
subject he says: 

" ' Miss Martineau once remarked that, considering 
how long we have lived in close association with ani- 
mals, it is astonishing how little we know about 
them, and especially about their mental condition. 
This applies with especial force to our domestic ani- 
mals, and above all of course to dogs. 

" ' I believe that it arises very much from the fact 
that hitherto we have tried to teach animals rather 
than to learn from them — to convey our ideas to them 
rather than to devise any language, or code of sig- 
nals, by which they might communicate theirs to us. 
No doubt the former process is interesting and in- 
structive, but it does not carry us very far. 

" ' Under these circumstances, it has occured to 
me whether some such system as that followed with 
deaf mutes, especially by Dr. Howe with Laura 
Bridgman, might not prove very instructive if 
adapted to the case of dogs. 

" ' Accordingly I prepared some pieces of stout 
cardboard, and printed on each in legible letters a 



56 House and Pet Dogs. 

word such as 'food,' 'bone,' 'out,' etc. The head 
master of one of the deaf and dumb schools kindly 
agreed to assist me. We each began with a terrier 
puppy, but neither of us obtained very satisfactory 
results. My dog, indeed, was lost before I had had 
him long. I then began training a black poodle, 
Van by name, kindly given me by my friend Mr. 
Nickalls. I commenced by giving the dog food in 
a saucer, over which I laid the card on which was 
the word 'food,' placing also by the side an empty 
saucer, covered by a plain card. 

" ' Van soon learned to distinguish between the 
two, and the next stage was to teach him to bring me 
the card; this he now does, and hands it to me quite 
prettily, and then I give him a bone, or a little food, 
or take him out, according to the card brought. He 
still brings sometimes a plain card, in which case I 
point out his error, and he then takes it back and 
changes it. This, however, does not often happen. 
Yesterday morning, for instance. Van brought me 
the card with 'food' on it, nine times in succession, 
selecting it from other plain cards, though I changed 
the relative position each time. 

" ' No one that sees him can doubt that he under- 
stands the act of bringing the card with ' food ' on 
it as a request for something to eat, and that he dis- 




COCKER SPANIEL. 
J. P. Willey's "Obo II.' 



58 House and Pet Dogs, 

tinguishes between it and a plain card. I also be- 
lieve that he distinguishes, for instance, between the 
card with the word 'food' on it and the card with 
' out ' on it. 

" ' This, then, seems to open up a method which 
may be carried much further, for it is obvious that 
the cards may be multiplied, and the dog thus ena- 
bled to communicate freely with us. I have as yet, 
I know, made only a very small beginning, and hope 
to carry the experiment much further.' * * * 

"This letter was written in December, 1883. 

"At a later date (April, 1884) he published another 
note on the subject, in which, referring to his pre- 
vious letter, he says that it 'has elicited various 
replies and suggestions which you will perhaps allow 
me to answer, and I may also take the opportunity of 
stating the progress which my dog Van has made, 
although, owing greatly no doubt to my frequent 
absences from home, and the little time I can devote 
to him, this has not been so rapid as I doubt not 
would otherwise have been the case. Perhaps I may 
just repeat that the essence of my idea was to have 
various words, such as 'food,' 'bone,' 'water,' 'out,' 
etc., printed on pieces of cardboard, and after some 
preliminary training, to give the dog anything for 
which he asked by bringing a card. 



Training Pet Dogs. 59 

" ^I use pieces of cardboard about ten inches long 
and three high, placing a number of them on the 
floor side by side, so that the dog has several cards 
to select from, each bearing a different word. 

" ' One correspondent has suggested that it would 
be better to use various-colored cards. This might 
no doubt render the first steps rather more easy, but, 
on the other hand, any temporary advantage gained 
would be at the expense of subsequent difficulty, since 
the pupil would very likely begin by associating the 
object with the color rather than with the letters; he 
would, therefore, as is too often the case with our 
children, have the unnecessary labor of unlearning 
some of his first lessons. At the same time the ex- 
periment would have an interest as a test of the con- 
dition of the color sense in dogs. Another suggestion 
has been that, instead of words, pictorial representa- 
tions should be placed on the cards. This, however, 
could only be done with material objects, such as 
'food,' 'bone,' 'water,' etc., and would not be appli- 
cable to such words as 'out,' 'pet me,' etc.; nor even 
as regards the former class do I see that it would 
present any substantial advantage. 

" ' Again, it has been suggested that Van is led by 
scent rather than by sight. He has no doubt an 
excellent nose, but in this case he is certainly guided 



6o House and Pet Dogs. 

by the eye. The cards are all handled by us, and 
must emit nearly the same odor. I do not, however, 
rely on this, but have in use a number of cards bear- 
ing the same word. When, for instance, he has 
brought a card with ' food ' on it, we do not put down 
the same identical card, but another with the same 
word; when he has brought that, a third is put down, 
and so on. For a single meal, therefore, eight or ten 
cards will have been used, and it seems clear, there- 
fore, that in selecting them Van must be guided by 
the letters. 

" 'When I last wrote I had satisfied myself that he 
had learnt to regard the bringing of a card as a 
request, and that he could distinguish a card with the 
word ' food ' on it from a plain one. While I believe 
that he could distinguish between a card with 'food ' 
on it, and one with 'out' on it, I have no doubt 
that he can distinguish between different words. For 
instance, when he is hungry he will bring a 'food' 
card time after time until he has had enough, and 
then he lies down quietly for a nap. Again, when I 
am going for a walk and invite him to come, he 
gladly responds by picking up the 'out' card and 
running triumphantly with it before me to the front 
door. In the same ways he knows the 'bone' card 
quite well. As regards water (which I spell phoneti- 



Training Pet Dogs. 6i 

cally so as not to confuse him unnecessarily), I keep 
a card always on the floor in my dressing room, and 
whenever he is thirsty he goes off there, without any 
suggestion from me, and brings the card with perfect 
gravity. At the same time he is fond of a game, and 
if he is playful or excited will occasionally run about 
with any card. If through inadvertence he brings a 
card for something he does not want, when the cor- 
responding object is shown him he seizes the card, 
takes it back again and fetches the right one. 

" ' No one who has seen him look along a row of 
cards and select the right one can, I think, doubt 
that in bringing a card he feels that he is making a 
request, and that he can not only perfectly distinguish 
between one word and another, but also associate the 
word and the object. 

*"I do not for a moment say that Van thus shows 
more intelligence than has been recorded in the case 
of other dogs; that is not my point, but it does seem 
to me that this method of instruction opens out a 
means by which dogs and other animals may be 
enabled to communicate with us more satisfactorily 
than hitherto. 

"'I am still continuing my observations, and am 
now considering the best mode of testing him in very 
simple arithmetic, but I wish I could induce others 



62 House and Pet Doss. 



to cooperate, for I feel satisfied that the system would 
well repay more time and attention than I am myself 
able to give.' 

" Most of us have seen dogs which would at com- 
mand select any particular card of a dozen spread 
upon the floor, but this is usually done in obedience 
to some signal which the dog recognizes, but which 
is imperceptible to the bystanders. Sir John Lub- 
bock's Van selected his cards by a process of reason- 
ing, and clearly recognized the relation between cause 
and effect, and the experiments published above have 
thus a real scientific value which does not attach to 
the performance of tricks which are only mechanical. 

" We are of opinion that large dogs should not be 
made into trick dogs. Mastiffs, St. Bernards, and 
Newfoundlands are essentially guard dogs, and not 
pets. They should be taught to come, charge, heel, 
go to bed or kennel, fetch and watch, but there is a 
dignity about these large animals which makes the 
performance by them of mere tricks seem out of 
place. 

"The question is frequently asked which breed of 
dogs is most intelligent. The inquiry is a difficult 
one to answer. We might reply that they are all in- 
telligent enough for our purposes, but this would be 
to beg the question. Probably in the matter of 




CLUMBER SPANIELS. 
F. H. F. Mercer's "Johnny"' and "Drake." 



64 House and Pet Doi^s. 

tricks the poodle is the most intelHgent, but setters, 
pointers, colhes, spaniels and all the different terriers 
make attractive and intelligent pets. Many of the 
large dogs are renowned for their intelligence, 
especially the St. Bernards and Newfoundlands. 
You may be sure, however, that there is no dog so 
dull, nor so careless about pleasing his master that 
he cannot be taught, and any one of them will repay 
fourfold in affection and the added interest with 
which he will be regarded, the time and trouble 
spent on him. 

"The reward of merit in the education of the dog 
should be the approbation of the one he loves best in 
the world. If you have treated your dog with judg- 
ment, he will be so fond of you that the greatest 
pleasure that he can feel will be the sense that he is 
pleasing you. Be unstinted with your praise, then, 
when the dog has behaved creditably, and let this be 
his chief reward, though a bit of some food that he 
likes should often accompany the kind words. Let 
the praise come first, however. Your dog will soon 
learn to distinguish the tones of your voice. He 
knows when you are satisfied with him and when dis- 
pleased, when you are disposed for a game of romps 
and when your are serious. When you are giving him 
his lessons be serious with him. Do not let him fancy 



Training Pet Dogs. 65 

it is play, but by your grave countenance and conver- 
sation try to keep his attention fixed on the matter 
which you and he have in hand. 

" We have many examples of canine intelligence, 
and from results already attained it is evident that if 
we fail to instruct our dogs in tricks which are, in 
fact, merely mechanical, we have only ourselves to 
blame. 

"The first step to be taken in the education of your 
dog is to win his affection. He comes to you a 
stranger, very likely a puppy just torn from the 
bosom of his family; at all events separated from 
some one that he loves, whether it be his mother or 
his former master. He is among strangers, and is 
very lonely. See to it therefore that you are the first 
new friend he makes. Let him be with you as much 
as possible, pet him a little, and give him his food 
with your own hands. At first, and until he comes 
to recognize you as his mistress, do everything for 
him yourself. It will be some little trouble, but you 
will be well repaid by his gratitude and by the con- 
stantly growing interest and affection, which will soon 
subsist between you. Do not make the mistake of 
turning him over to a servant's care. If you do he 
will learn to look upon her as the one from whom he 
is to expect help and kindness, and your task of 



66 House and Pet Dogs. 

cducatin.L^ him will not he nearly so easy as if it is 
you alone that he is anxious to please. 

"While you are winning his alTection, study his 
character. Dogs are no more all alike mentally than 
are men. Some are irrepressible, full of wild gayety, 
always eager for a romp, and forever getting into 
mischief; others are cjuiet and timid, meek in spirit, 
and ready at a sharp wortl to cower, or turn over on 
their backs with all four feet up in the air, in abject 
terror; others still are cunning, obstinate, and some,- 
times sullen. All of them may be educated, how- 
ever, if you will l)ut remember the watch words to 
success firmness, patience, antl kindness." 

During the time when you are making the ac- 
(juaintance of your dt)g, he will of course have 
learned what his name is and will also have come to 
know your voice and to feel a strong affection for 
you. Having won his heart, it is now in order to 
teach him obedience. Uncontrolled affection, dis- 
played perhaps at most inopportune times, will 
probably make him a nuisance, if not to yourself, 
at least to your friends; while, if his demonstrations 
are confined to proper times and i)laces, your pet 
will be an object of interest and admiration to every 
one, and neither he nor you will enjoy each other's 
society a whit the less, or lose a [)article of affection. 




KING CHARLES SPANIEK 

Mrs. Forder's "Bend Or.'* 



68 House and Pet Dos's. 



TEACHING TO COME. 

The first lesson to be taught your dog is to come 
to you when you call him. When he has thoroughly 
learned to do this, and it has become, as it soon will, 
a part of his nature to obey the word or the whistle, 
you have almost absolute control of him at all times. 
We have owned young dogs of high spirit and 
courage that would turn at the whistle, and run to 
us when they were chasing chickens or sheep, and 
even when running in pursuit of a strange dog with 
which to do battle. This prompt obedience even 
in the midst of exciting surroundings is very gratify- 
ing to the owner of such a docile animal. It shows 
the latter's good disposition, and is at the same time 
an unconscious compliment to the methods by which 
it has been trained. 

We consider it important to train a dog to obey 
the whistle as well as the voice, and recommend 
every one who goes abroad with a dog to carry a 
whistle. A small silver or ivory whistle is easily 
carried in the button hole, and many dog whips 
have a whistle in the butt. In taking a walk along 
a country road one may well enough shout or scream 
at one's dog, but such a course in the city streets is 
likely to make one unpleasantly conspicuous. Be- 
sides this, a whistle can be heard much further than 



Training; Pet Dogs. 69 

the human voice and is less likely to be confused by 
outside sounds, such as the rattle of the pavements 
and the thousand and one noises of the city streets. 
Moreover, a dog soon learns to distinguish and obey 
the unvarying tone of the whistle by which he is 
commonly called, and is much more likely to notice 
this sound than a distant call. 

If the dog to be trained is affectionate, it will 
usually come readily enough when called by name, 
but something more than this is needed, for it may 
often occur that while out walking with the animal 
it may wander away, and become so interested in 
some object, or in something that is taking place, 
that it will pay no attention to a call. Such heed- 
lessness must be overcome by actual lessons. It is 
well then to take the dog into a room by himself or 
into a small yard from which he cannot escape, and 
let him wander about for a few moments until his 
interest in his new surroundings has in a measure 
worn off. Have with you two or three pieces of 
bread or cracker, which you are to use as rewards 
when the dog obeys promptly. When his attention 
appears to be disengaged, sound on the whistle the 
note you have decided to use as your signal to the 
dog to come to you, and then speak the word 
"come." Very likely he will trot up to you at once, 



70 House and Pet Dogs. 

and if he does, you must pat and praise him, and 
give him one of the pieces of bread. He will easily 
see that you are pleased with him, and will enjoy 
the praise. After a moment or two of this let him 
go and encourage him to wander off again, and in 
the course of a few moments, again sound the whistle 
and call him. The recollection of his previous per- 
formance will probably be fresh in his mind, and he 
will no doubt come again, to be again rewarded and 
caressed. If on the first occasion he should not 
come, either because his attention is engrossed by 
some — to him — important matter, or merely because 
he is careless, go up to him without any appearance 
of haste or anger, take him by the collar, and return 
to the spot where you stood when you first called 
him, dragging him with you and chiding him in low 
and serious tones for not coming to you at first. 
When you have reached the spot where you stood 
when you called, let your face and voice change 
from grave and severe to pleasant and affectionate. 
Praise him, pet him and give him a bit of food. 
Let him see as plainly as possible that your feelings 
toward him have undergone a change. If he will 
not let you put your hand on him, do not chase him, 
but get hold of him by strategy and then bring him 
back to the place where you stood at first. You 



Training Pet Dogs. 71 

may have to go through this performance three or 
four times before he comprehends what is wanted, 
but when he does understand, you will probably 
have no more trouble, but can continue your 
lessons, varying the time and place, until he is 
thoroughly obedient to the call both of whistle and 
voice. 

With an unusually heedless, careless or high-spirited 
dog, it may sometimes be necessary to adopt measures 
a little more decided. Give the dog its lesson just 
before its usual feeding time, or if necessary omit 
feeding it; then, when it receives the bit of food 
which you have ready as a reward, its appreciation of 
the dainty will be greatly heightened, and its desire 
to do what you wish be so much the more increased. 
It will not do to continue these lessons too long at a 
time. Give them three or four times a day, but do 
not let them continue more than fifteen or twenty 
minutes, in which time you ought to be able to call 
the dog to you say four times. After three or four 
days of this instruction, you will find him quite 
obedient. After he once fairly understands what you 
want, if he neglects your call, you should speak 
sharply to him, but without raising your voice, and 
if he is slow or careless, box his ears, not hard, yet in 
such a way as to show him by voice and action that 



72 House and Pet Dogs. 

yoLi are punishing him. A few days of systematic 
work in this direction will probably make your dog 
perfectly obedient in this respect, and the practice 
that he will naturally get from day to day will keep 
him so. It is important that you should be very care- 
ful in the early days of his training to see that when 
you call he shall come without fail. If you neglect 
him, he will surely fall into bad ways, and all your 
work will have gone for naught. 

TEACHING TO CHARGE. 

The next step in your dog's education is to teach 
him to lie down. The best word to use in giving this 
command is "charge," the term commonly employed 
by sportsmen with their hunting dogs. In addition 
to this word, you may, if you please, hold up the open 
hand, though this sign is hardly needed in training 
pet dogs, which need hardly ever be made to lie down 
at a distance from you. When you begin your lesson, 
call the dog to you, and when he stands before you, 
say "charge" and push him to the ground. Very 
likely he will struggle and try to get away from you, 
or he may even attempt to play with you. Pay no 
attention to his struggles, but hold him down until 
they cease, at intervals repeating the word "charge," 
You must, if possible, make the dog connect this 




BEAGLE. 
C. F Judson's "Littte Duke, 



74 House a?id Pet Doi^s. 

word willi your act and his own i)ositi()n, for the 
sooner tliis is done, the sooner he will obey the com- 
mand. When his efforts to rise have ceased, and 3'oti 
are ready to have him o-et up, take your hands off 
hiin and as you do so, say in a sprightly tone, "hold 
up." As you rise to your feet he will no doubt spring 
up too, and then you must praise and pet him, and 
give him as a reward a bit of food. This lesson 
should be repeated a dozen times a day, l)ut great 
care must be taken not to have the lessons too close 
together. The dog must not be schooled so much 
that he will weary of the process. At first when the 
dog has been pushed down, he may fall into a loose 
heap on his side or may even roll over on his back, 
but after he begins to connect the word "charge" 
with the recumbent attitude, he must be made to lie 
on his belly with his hind feet under him, and at first 
with his head upon his forepaws. It is just as easy 
to teach him to lie down properly as to allow him to 
sprawl. It is well to make him lie down often during 
the day, and to let hmi understand that if you tell him 
to "charge," he must remain in the desired position 
until ordered to "hold up." l)y the exercise of a 
little i)atience and firmness you will soon bring your 
dog to a point when he will entirely satisfy you in this 
respect. 



Training Pet Dogs. 75 

FOLLOWING AT HEEL. 
You must now teach your dog to follow at heel. 
It is very annoying when you are out walking to 
have him constantly running away from you, and to 
be obliged at short intervals to call him back. You 
are thus forced to be on the constant alert, to watch 
your dog all the time. This is a great nuisance and 
may be avoided by teaching him to walk at heel. 
Begin by taking the animal out on a short chain or 
lead, and keeping the chain so short that he will 
walk as nearly as possible by your side. If on first 
going out he tugs and seems excited, pay no atten- 
tion to these demonstrations, but walk quietly on. 
You should have in your hand a very light cane 
or switch. When the animal has quieted down so 
that he walks at your side without excitement, speak 
to it, and having attracted its attention say in a quiet 
grave tone "heel," and at the same time — the chain 
being as short as possible — move the hand that 
holds it backward and behind you. The effect of 
this will be to bring the dog's head behind you and 
to make him follow literally at your heels. He will 
not be satisfied with this position aad will try to 
push his way to your side as before, and you must 
repeat the word "heel" and now gently tap him on 
the nose with the switch. This tapping he wil4 try 



76 House and Pet Dos^s. 

to avoid and it will make him fall back a little and 
take just the position he ought to. Do not keep 
him there too long, but free him and let him have a 
race, and then after a while put the leash on and 
again tell him "heel." You will be astonished to 
find how few lessons are required to perfect him 
in this accomplishment. You will soon be able to 
make him go at heel without a chain, and can 
control him when his eagerness gets the best of his 
discipline and he starts to pass you, by a tap of the 
switch or by the warning word "hah," which is 
merely a cautionary word to be spoken to call his 
attention to any fault that he is about to commit. 

The directions already given, if carefully followed 
out, will not only have given you very full control 
over your dog at all times, but will have so devel- 
oped his intelligence, his understanding of what you 
desire of him and his comprehension of the differing 
shades of meaning, conveyed by the varying tones 
of your voice and expressions of your face, that each 
further step in his education will be made more 

easy. 

SITTING UP. 

In the chapter on "Training Pet Dogs" in 
"Training vs. Breaking," are given a number of 
simple tricks which may l)e easily taught a small dog 



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Training Pet Dogs. 79 

wish to call them so — at all events he has four ac- 
complishments, three of which will add very greatly 
to your comfort in dealing with him. He will, if you 
have taught him in the right way, come to you at the 
word, will walk close beside you without running off 
to fraternize with strange curs that he may see in the 
street, and will lie down and remain in one place and 
posture until you tell him to 'hold up;' even though 
you go out of the room and leave him alone for half 
an hour. The sitting up is after all the only 'trick' 
he has learned. The other three accomplishments 
are really necessary parts of his education. 

GOING TO BED. 

" In the sitting-room or library, or wherever it may 
be that you spend most of your time, there should 
be a corner devoted to your dog. On the floor in 
this corner there should be a cushion or mat large 
enough for the dog to lie on. You will often find 
that when you are busy the dog will insist on having 
some attention, will either want to be petted or to 
play, and so will be somew^hat troublesome. Teach 
him, therefore, when he is told to do so, to 'go to 
bed.' All that is necessary in this is to give the com- 
mand, lead him to his bed, and when he has reached 
it order him to ' charge ' there. After you have done 



8o House and Pet Dogs. 

this a few times he will uiulerstaiid what you mean 
by *i;() to bed/ and will obey readily enout^h. You 
can call him out of his corner by the words ' hold up ' 
and 'come along,' and after a little the mere point- 
ini^; of your finger to his bed will be enough to send 
him trotting into his corner. 

"IJy varying the places you can readily enough 
teach him to go to the window, get ui^on the sofa or 
chair, go up-stairs, into the dming-room, or into any 
room in the house. We have had toy dogs that we 
have sent into a corner as a punishment, as naughty 
children are sometimes supposed to be disciplined, 
but the punishment corner should not be the same 
as the bed corner. The order to go into the first- 
named should always be given in a tone of mingled 
severity and reproach, and, of course, the dog should 
not be sent there unless it has really in some way 

offended. 

TEACHING TO FETCH. 

" In a previous chapter the lesson 'fetch' has been 
given, but for toy dogs, a less elaborate method will 
do. All young dogs delight to run after a ball, and 
will usually either bring it back to be thrown again, 
or will carry it off to one side and amuse themselves 
ft)r a while by gnawing at it. Your dog, however, 
has been taught to 'come,' and if he shows a dis- 



,i||l'lilln:.:li:J: 



41 

illi 

iiir 

iiiliiiiii 




82 House and Pet Doi:^s. 

position to run off with the ball, you must call him 
to you. If he brings the ball, caress and praise him, 
and then throw it again, and if he brings it the 
second time, repeat the praise, and congratulate 
yourself upon having a natural retriever. If, how- 
ever, he drops the ball when you call him and runs 
to you, lead him back to the ball, place it gently 
between his jaws and hold it there, and lead him 
back to the spot where you stood when you first 
called him, repeating the word ^ fetch.' Then praise 
and pet him, and after a moment, interest him in 
the ball and throw it again. In putting the ball in 
his mouth you must be very gentle with him, for 
this is something entirely new, and he will not un- 
derstand it, and may, if he is of a timid disposition, 
be frightened by what you are doing. Be quiet, 
therefore, and deliberate in all your movements, and 
as you lead him back with the ball in his mouth, say 
in a quiet voice,' 'fetch,' 'fetch.' He will compre- 
hend what you desire very soon, and as he enjoys 
the sport of chasing the ball, will be only too glad 
to obey your order as soon as he understands what 
you mean. 

"By the time your dog has acquired the various 
accomplishments already alluded to, the association 
between you has no doubt extended over several 




POODLE. 

W, C. Sanford's "Styx, 



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BULLDOG. 
G. Raper's "Rustic King. 



86 House and Pet Dogs. 

designate; can teach him to shake hands, to roll 
over, to walk on his hind legs, to chase his tail, to 
wipe his feet on the mat at the front door when he is 
coming in from a walk, and a great many other sim- 
ple tricks of this description. A trick that is rathei 
cunning and usually interests vif 'tors is to teach him 
at the words 'Die for your country' to stretch him- 
self on his side with closed eyes as if dead. Then 
at the words 'Country's saved,' to spring up, and 
appear full of life. Another similar trick is to throw 
the ball, or a bit of cracker, and as he runs toward it 
say distinctly 'It costs money.' At this he should 
stop, and not approach the coveted object until 
informed that it is 'paid for.' 

"'Roll over' is readily taught. Kneel by the 
dog's side and as you repeat the words press him to 
the ground, and (juickly turn him over on his back, 
and then the rest of the way. Then let him stand 
up, and give him his reward. Faght or ten lessons 
will perfect him in this. 

" It scarcely seems necessary to detail each par- 
ticular step to be gone through with in teaching 
these lessons, for this would involve almost endless 
repetition. It may be taken for granted that any 
one who has successfully taught her dog the first 
few lessons described in this ciuipter will have 




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88 House and Pet Dogs. 

gained a certain amount of experience, which, with 
her common sense, will qualify her to proceed with 
any of the succeeding steps. 

WHIPPING. 

" Nothing has as yet been said about chastisement 
for faults committed. Sometimes it is necessary to 
whip a dog, though we think not often. A lecture 
on the enormity of his sins delivered in a solemn 
reproachful tone of voice will usually be enough to 
make the offender so ashamed of himself that he 
will take great care not to repeat his fault. If it is 
necessary to whip him, use a fine switch, a ladies' 
riding switch is good, and hit him a few blows with 
the end of it, blows which will sting and not bruise. 
Two or three hard blows — which really hurt — are as 
good as a dozen. But under ordinary circumstances 
a scolding or a light box on the ears will be all the 
punishment a little dog is likely to require. 

A WOMAN'S EXPERIENCE. 

" Having thus set forth our view of the methods 
to be followed in training pet dogs, we propose to 
fortify ourselves by giving the experience of a lady 
who has had a wide experience in this field, and 
whose dogs are extremely interesting little creatures. 
She savs : 



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go House and Pet Dogs. 

" *I think that the secret of training a dog easily, 
is to have it about one as much as possible, and to 
talk to it until it learns to know every inflection of 
your voice. I have never punished a dog while 
teaching; but when once it has learned, then dis- 
obedience should always be punished. Great pa- 
tience and gentleness are required, especially in the 
early stages of his education. At this time, if the 
dog does not obey, it is usually because he does not 
understand what is required of him. Never lose 
your temper with a dog: It does not pay. One 
should study the dog's character as you would a 
child's. Some dogs I have never been able to whip 
at all, they seemed too utterly timid, and a sharp 
word was as effective with them as a thrashing to 
another dog. 

"*It is commonly said that children will never 
show off when their parents want them to. Do not 
let your dog get into so bad a habit, but make him 
obey the moment you speak. The habit of reward- 
ing him afterward tends to insure ready and cheer- 
ful obedience. It is a good idea to make your dog 
go through all his tricks just before you give him his 
dinner. If he is hungry he will be very likely to 
acquit himself to your perfect satisfaction. 

" * Dogs are generally considered a nuisance in a 



Trai7iing Pet Dogs. 91 

dining-room, but well -trained dogs are no such 
things. We have two little terriers who always fol- 
low the family to the dining-room. Each one has a 
particular chair by the window, on which he re- 
mains without stirring until the meal is over. It is 
curious to see the annoyance of one dog if his 
brother jumps on the wrong chair. As the chairs 
are precisely alike, and stand side by side, it would 
appear to a casual observer a matter of small import- 
ance whether either dog occupied the right or the 
left hand chair. The mortification of either dog on 
reaching the dining-room a few moments after the 
meal has begun is also amusing. They sneak in 
with head and tail down, as though overwhelmed 
with shame. These two terriers are both good re- 
trievers, and if ordered to go into another room to 
look for a lost ball, they will search for it in the most 
conscientious manner, and will find it if it is there. 
The younger of the two learned almost entirely 
from his older brother, who was very well trained 
before the second one was brought to the house.' " 

TEACHING TRICKS. 

Enough has been said in the previous pages to 
convey to any person of ordinary intelligence the 
methods to be pursued in teaching tricks to dogs. 



92 House and Pet Dogs. 

These animals may be taught to do ahnost anything 
but talk, if one will only take pains; and the variety 
of a dog's accomplishments is usually limited only 
by the inventiveness of its owner. For the conven- 
ience of those not blessed with much invention we 
give a list of some of the commoner tricks. 

To walk on his hindlegs, hold some tempting bit 
of food over the dog's head so that he cannot reach 
it, and he will naturally rear up on his hindlegs to 
seize it. As he rears say "walk," and move your 
hand a few inches, and he will take a step or two 
on his hindlegs before putting his forefeet to the 
ground. Give him the food before he comes down 
on all fours if you can. It will take but a few mo- 
ments for him to see what it is necessary to do to 
get the food, and half a dozen lessons will so perfect 
him in this accomplishment that he will walk with 
perfect ease at a word or the motion of a finger. 

To waltz is taught by the same method, but in- 
stead of moving the hand straight ahead so that the 
animal walks forward, it must be moved — at first 
slowty — in a circle about the dog's head. Anxious 
to secure the food, it turns around after it, and so 
comes to "waltz." 

To sneeze may readily be taught by making the 
dog sit up and then tickling its nose with a feather 




SCOTCH TERRIER. 
H. J. Ludlow's "Allister. 



94 House and Pet Dogs. 

or a straw, of course accompanying the act with the 
command "sneeze." 

To carry basket. This is merely a modification of 
the "fetch" trick already described. A large dog 
may be taught to carry a basket just as easily as a 
ball or a newspaper, and when so taught is extremely 
proud of his accomplishment, and glad of the oppor- 
tunity to exhibit it. 

To leap. Offer the dog a bit of food, but to get it 
make him jump over a cane held so high that he can 
not step over it. As he springs say to him " leap," 
and after he has done it give him the dainty. After 
a few lessons he will do it at the word. 

To speak and sing. These noisy accomplishments 
in our opinion should never be taught dogs. 

SOME USEFUL HINTS. 

We take from the chapter already quoted the fol- 
lowing useful suggestions on the care of dogs : 

"Never give your dog an India rubber ball for a 
plaything. If you do, he will be pretty sure to get 
into the way of chewing it, and will finally tear it 
into pieces, and swallow some of them. If he does 
this he will probably die. Certainly he will be sick 
for a long time. The best ball for him is a common 
child's soft ball, with a tough leather cover. It 



Training Pet Dogs. 95 

should be so large that he can just comfortably take 
it in his mouth. 

"In bathing your dog do not use warm water. If 
you do, you greatly increase the likelihood of his 
taking cold, and there are many ailments of the dog 
which have their beginning in colds. Use either 
cold water or else just take the chill off it, but do 
not let it be warm. After the bath rub him as nearly 
dry as possible with a coarse towel, and try to keep 
him moving until he is quite dry. 

"Most of the simple ailments of the dog con- 
nected with the stomach or bowels can be relieved 
by one or two doses of syrup of buckthorn,' which 
can be procured of any druggist. For a dog weigh- 
ing from ten to fifteen pounds, give a dessertspoon- 
ful at a dose; for a five- pound animal a teaspoonful 
is enough, and a big dog should have a tablespoon- 
ful. 

" It may be stated that a strange dog, or one that 
is very timid, or one brought from the country into 
the city, and so introduced to new, strange and per- 
haps terrifying sights and sounds, should at first 
always be taken out to walk on chain. If this pre- 
caution is not observed it is very likely to be lost or 
to cause great trouble by running away." 



TEACHING CANINE MANNERS. 



A LADY who is very fond of dogs and has had 
great experience with them, recently wrote 
to the Forest and Stream an interesting letter on 
this subject. This letter is so intelligent and shows 
so clear an understanding of the reasoning processes 
of the dog that no excuse is needed for reproducing 
it here: 

In looking over the various books upon training 
dogs, I have never met one that went beyond teach- 
ing them to perform tricks or in instructing bird 
dogs in their duties as such. I say, go further. A 
dog with only that degree of education falls far 
short of what a dog may be made — and is not made 
by his owner, to have a deportment that will make 
him welcome everywhere and an annoyance to no 
one. 

It is the want of this that causes some persons to 




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98 House and Pet Do^j. 

say, "I do not like dogs." "I do not care to go to 
such a house because they have such horrid dogs." 
In saying this of children one reflects upon the man- 
agement of the parents; but, on the other hand, it is 
the poor dogs that are blamed by the speaker, 
whereas it is their master's neglect or ignorance. As 
I have been especially successful in the training of 
puppies and dogs, some hints may be acceptable to 
those of your readers who like well-behaved as well 
as handsome-looking animals. 

OBEDIENCE. 

A puppy should be taught obedience the first 
thing after he has learned to love you, which last 
will occupy about a week's petting and feeding him 
yourself. There are many dogs who will charge or 
heel, but who are otherwise unruly. If a dog jumps 
on sofas, chairs, etc., lift him off, giving a smart tap 
with a switch, saying, bad dog. I do not approve of 
whipping; with most dogs tying up is better than 
chastisement. I think the bull-terrier is the only one 
that really needs it. Tie a house dog to the ban- 
nisters or to some convenient piece of furniture im- 
mediately after he has misbehaved, saying "bad dog," 
leave him quiet awhile to think over his naughtiness, 
and when you loose him, say "good doggie, now." 



Teaching Canine Manners. 99 

When a young one is very rompish, call him to you, 
place one hand gently on the top of his head, quietly 
keeping it there, and he will soothe down, though at 
first you may have to hold the collar in the other 
hand. No young dog should be allowed to play too 
much, it makes them cross and nervous. Some per- 
sons complain of the destructiveness of puppies; pro- 
vide them with a toy, a ball or a rag doll, but be 
sure when you see it flags in the game to take it 
away, placing it out of the dog's reach until you give 
it again, which will help to teach him not to make 
toys of your valued things. 

DOGS AND FLOWER BEDS. 

I hear much complaint of dogs destroying flower 
beds. That should never be allowed. We have sev- 
eral dogs, one of them a St. Bernard, still we possess 
unmolested and most beautiful beds and borders of 
flowers. My oldest dog (a pointer), when he was 
young, had the habit of jumping over beds. What 
would the average master have done? Screamed 
"get off," or tried to drive him away, thereby confus- 
ing him and causing more damage to the plants. I 
went up, taking him quietly by the ear and collar, 
led him all around the bed. I had not to do this 
very many times on each repetition of the fault be- 



loo House and Pet Doirs. 



fore he learned to go around a bed when he wished 
to get on the other side; but I was surprised when I 
saw my pointer lead off another dog who had jumped 
on a flower bed, taking him by the ear. One sum- 
mer, four years ago, I found that a nicely-planted 
bed had been selected as a place to bury bones by 
one of our dogs. I watched him and unearthed the 
bones, placing them in the crotch of a tree, in sight 
but out of reach; then he selected a place beneath 
some evergreens. I think he must have told the 
others about it. Anyway, I have never since then 
seen a bone in a flower bed. It seems to me that all 
animals have some means of conversing with each 
other. Trainers know the good service rendered in 
the field by an old dog to bring the young ones to a 
knowledge of their duties. The same in house dogs; 
a well or illy-behaved old one will influence puppies 
or new comers for good or bad. 

BAD HABITS. 

Many dogs have the very rude manners of mak- 
ing their toilet in public — to many persons the spec- 
tacle of one sitting in the parlor and licking himself 
is disgusting. To prevent this I take the dog's head 
and lay it gently on the floor, saying ^' Dead dog," 
place my foot, without pressing, on his head to keep 




BLACK AND TAN TERRIER. 

S. Cameron's "Wallace."' 



I02 House and Pet Dogs. 

it down. I sit beside him, repeating the words a few 
times; usually he drops asleep. It will not be long 
before he will learn this without being touched, so 
you can say "Dead dog" from across the room; but 
do not trifle with him and make him perform the 
trick when there is no reason for it, or he will refuse 
to do it. 

FOOD AND FEEDING. 

The dog -owning public is gradually becoming 
convinced of the injuriousness of indiscriminate feed- 
ing; still there are few houses where the animal is 
forbidden the kitchen, and the consequent indul- 
gence of tid bits from the servants. I would dismiss 
a cook who fed a dog or encouraged him in the 
kitchen against my orders. This I make understood 
beforehand. Besides the ruination to the digestion, 
being fed in the kitchen is the first step to stealing 
there or in the dining-room, which fault is inherent 
in the animal, evolved from his wolf ancestors, mak- 
ing it an instinct to get his living by depredation. 
Thus it is difficult to train them not to be thieves, 
but it can be done if begun when young; with no 
tampering allowed, no notice taken of begging. His 
food should never be thrown on the ground, but put 
on one platter, and water put always in the same 
bowl, both having a spot reserved for them and not 



Teaching Canine Manners. 103 

interfered with by any otiier animal. This teaches 
fastidiousness, which should be encouraged as a pre- 
ventive to picking up bits — a very dangerous habit, 
sometimes resulting in accidental or intentional pois- 
oning. If the dog picks up a bit it should always 
and immediately be removed from the mouth by the 
master's fingers. All of our dogs permit me to do 
this without trouble. 

In regard to feeding them there is much advice 
given about the desirability of giving them but one 
meal a day. It certainly is not best to have them 
fat, but I doubt if the one-meal-a-day plan works 
well One time we wished to reduce a bird dog's 
flesh, and fed him sparingly. It was noticed that he 
disappeared at a certain hour every day, on which 
we discovered that he ran some distance to a district 
school, where he picked up the bread and butter 
thrown out of the children's lunch baskets. After 
that we deemed it better to increase his rations than 
to have him go on a picnic. Of course he might 
have been tied to his kennel, but tying up a dog for 
hours a day spoils its shape. 

GOOD BEHAVIOR AND HAPPINESS. 

Dogs recognize their rights, and have better 
memories than one gives them credit for. One of 



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io6 House atid Pet Dogs. 

teaching the young ones that it is the right thing to 
do. There are few dogs, except the stupid kind 
known as ladies' pets, that cannot learn very many 
words, understanding all that is said if clearly spoken. 
A dog dislikes a sentimental or a vexed tone, acting 
accordingly. I had one who immediately behaved 
when I said "Be a gentleman." He usually went to 
drive with me, but when it was inconvenient to take 
him I would say, "You keep house," and he content- 
edly remained; whereas if I said, "You cannot go," 
he knew the staying at home was for some punish- 
ment. 

Animals have feelings, thoughts and memory. 
They cannot speak nor understand all our verbal 
language so as to be directed or reasoned with as 
children are, but they have a keen sense of human 
feelings, as conveyed by inflections of the voice, and 
an enduring memory of a person's action to them, 
never failing to be influenced through life by the 
impressions made by the treatment bestowed in their 
earliest months. Some traits are considered to be 
inherited; some persons assert that gun-shyness is 
one of them; refinement is certainly inherited, also 
sweet temper, crossness not always. We know a 
Newfoundland dog, whose parents are extremely 
cross — his own brother quite unsafe^but he from 



Teaching Canine Manners, 107 

infancy has been so indulged and iiandled by all the 
men around the stable, that he is very friendly and 
utterly useless as a watch dog. It is not difficult to 
make a good-tempered dog cross, and sometimes he 
becomes so by circumstances. If the family leave 
the house, while he remains under the care of ser- 
vants or strangers, who continually snub his attempts 
at friendliness, he will become morose and suspicious 
of every one. 

I know a dear pointer who was left in this way; 
he had been the companion of a child, walking be- 
side the carriage when it went out on the village 
street. After the family had gone he missed his 
little friend and would run after every baby carriage 
and nurse he saw. To keep him they tied him, but 
he broke the cord; then they whipped him on his 
return; from that he rarely returned, but passed 
days wandering away until a home was again made 
for him. 

I think I have said enough to show what a dog 
may be made, either a credit or ^. discredit to his 
owner, and I trust I may have been able to demon- 
strate how that discredit reflects upon the owner's 
neglect. 



TRAINING COLLIES. 

THIS breed of dog, so useful as a sheep and 
cattle herder, is growing in favor as his 
merits are becoming better known. A writer in 
Forest and Strea/n gives the following directions for 
training: 

''I have owned collies all my life — good, useful 
and well-trained dogs — and in my walks and drives 
they are my constant companions. Master Collie is 
a mischievous and fun-loving rascal, and even when 
well trained this love of mischief will show itself. 
There is now curled up at my feet one of the hand- 
somest collies in America. wShe has been shown at 
several bench shows, and has always been placed, 
and besides is a first-rate worker on stock. She is 
always under my buggy when I am driving, 'except' 
when sometimes I allow two others to follow for a 
frolic and exercise. Now, here the 'except' comes 



112 House and Pet Dogs. 

the tenth month of the puppy's age; but we some- 
times see them even younger than this working stock 
like old stagers. I have one in my eye now, that at 
five months old would go to the pasture field, con- 
taining sixty acres, drive out the cows and bring 
them home, a distance of over one mile. At six 
months old she was working sheep and obeying 
every sign and motion of her master. 

'' The first thing I do is to make the dog love me. 
I treat him kindly, never kick nor strike him, and 
never deceive him. I talk to him and pet him until 
he knows every word I say. There is a great deal, 
I assure you, in this Move me.' When he loves me 
and understands me I take him into a room and 
there teach him to follow close to heel, to stop at a 
whistle, to lie down when told, to go forward by 
motion of hand, and to either right or left. I always 
stop my dogs with a whistle, to attract their attention 
before giving an order by mouth or hand. 

"When I consider my youngster house-broken, 
that is, when he obeys my motions and whistle, I 
take him with sheep — confined in a lane — and allow 
him to drive them with me, and by motions I keep 
him moving from one side of the lane to the othen 
When we are at the end of the lane I say, 'Around 
them,' motioning the way up the side, and go with 




PUG. 



City View Kennels' "Bbadford Ruby." 



1 14 House and Pet Dogs. 

him and show him. When round them I &top him 
with a whistle, make him lie down, and leave him. 
I then go in front of the sheep and tell him, 'Bring 
them along.' If he comes too close to the sheep, I 
stop him with a whistle, and say, 'Keep wider,' or 
'Slower.' These lessons I repeat until I consider 
him nearly perfect in driving up and down the lane. 
I then begin to teach him to go from where I stand 
at one end of the lane to the other and bring the 
sheep to me. This I do by motioning the way and 
saying, 'Far away,' and if he does not go I go with 
him and show him what to do. When he is behind 
the sheep I make him lie down, and I go to the spot 
where I first gave the order, and from there whistle 
him to bring them along. When he does this work 
to my satisfaction, I then allow him to the fields to 
drive the sheep from pasture, and here I repeat all 
my former lessons to him. I teach him to jump 
back and forth over a fence, and to bark when told, 
but never to bite; and when he attempts to use his 
teeth I punish him. Now as to punishment — as I 
said at first, I never kick nor strike — I catch the 
collie around his nose and give him a shake or light 
tap on the ear with my hand, a cross word will cower 
him at once. 

"There is one thing: I never like to do, that is to 



Training Collies. 115 

begin working my puppy on cattle. As a general 
rule it will not do, as the dog becomes too severe, 
and it gives trouble afterward to break him of this 
habit. I begin on sheep, and when he will work 
them carefully I can then allow him to drive other 
stock. 

"Now one other point and I am through. The 
old adage, ' Too many cooks spoil the broth,' applies 
to Master Collie. If you wish your dog thoroughly 
trained, only one must work him, and that one I 
insist must be patient and teach him quietly and 
gently. If you wish him spoiled and made worth- 
less, allow the whole family to work him, and you 
will succeed in this admirably." 



Yorkshire Toy Terrier at Stud. 




CopyriRht, issi». 

CHAMPION BRADFORD HARRY. 

(A. K. C.S.I!. 13,124.) 
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61bs. He has won every special prize for which he ever competed, and is 
acknowledged by judges to be the best Yorkshire terrier in America. 'I'wo 
photos from life, 50 cents. Pedigree, full description and winnings free. 

P. H. COOMBS, 1 Exchange Block, Bacgor, Me. 

MASTIFFS AND 

BLOODHOUNDS. 

The home of CHAMPION BEAUFORT in America, and 
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Stud Service of Clitiinpioii BeaiiCort, $75. OO 
WiiielielPs Boss, - 50.00 

The liome of the first bloodhounds in America, and the only 
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staully on hand and for sale. \'isiton; alwaye welcome. 

J. L. WINCH ELL, Vaik Havkn, Vt. 



BRIEF LIST OF BOOKS 

PUBLISHED BY 

Forest and Stream Pub. Co., 

318 BROADWAY, NEW YORK, 

And sent post-paid on receipt of price. Descriptive Catalogues 
mailed free to any address. 



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Canoe Handling. By C. Bowyer Vaux ("Dot"). A 
complete manual for the management of the canoe. The 
author, knowing just what the novice needs, begins at the 
very beginning, explaining the rudiments in the plainest 
way possible. Cloth, 160 pages. Price, $1.00. 



Caiivtis (!aiio<\s and How to 15uil<l Tlu'in. I5v 

P.\KKi-.R 1>. Fii:i.i). The directions are as plain and ex- 
plicit as possible for the construction of a canoe 13ft. X27in. 
at an expense not to exceed I7. 00. Illustrated. Taper, 4S 
pages. I'rice, 50 cents. 

Yaelits, Boats and Canoes. Wrni SrECiAi, Chapters 
ON Model Yachts and Singlehanded Sailing. V>y C. 
vStanfield-IIicks, Numerous illustrations and diagrams, 
and Avorking drawings of model yachts and various small 
craft suitable for amateurs. Contains much that is valu- 
able and interesting to yachtsmen and canoeists. 8vo. 
Cloth, 3S0 pages and 16 large folding plates. Price, !j^3.50. 

Small Yachts. P>v C. P. Ki.-nhardt. Small Yachts: 
Their design and construction, exemplified by the ruling 
types of modern practice. With numerous plates and 
illustrations. This book is intended to cover the field of 
small yachts, with special regard to their design, construc- 
tion, equipment and keep. Cloth, 370 pages of type and 
illustrations and 70 plates. Size of page i4>^Xi2>^in. 
Price, 5^7.00. 

Camp and Canoe Cookery. P>v "Senega.' A prac- 
tical cook book for canoeists, Corinthian sailors and outers. 
Most so-called camp cookery books are a delusion and a 
snare, but this one is thoroughly practical and helpful. 
Cloth, 96 pages. Price, |i.oo. 

Steam Yaclits and Liaunclies; Their Machinery 
AND Management. By C. P. Kunhardt. A Review 
of the Steam Engine as Applied to Yachts; Theory of the 
Steam Engine; Poller Efficiency; The Engine and its 
Parts; The Screw; Laws Applicable to Steam Yachts; Ex- 
tracts from Lloyd's Rules; Racing Steam Yachts; Manage- 
ment and Care of Machinery; Principal Types of Yacht 
Machinery; The Design of Hulls; Addenda; Tables, etc. 
96 illustrations. Cloth, 240 pages. Price, $3.00. 

Steam Maeliinery and Internal Management 
di' SiKAM Wxchts and Launches. Donaldson. 125 
pages. Price, ^1.50. 



Voyage of the "Aurora." By Dr. C. A. Neide. A 

charmingly written log of a canoe cruise from Lake George, 
New York, down the Ohio and Mississippi Rivers to the 
Gulf of Mexico. Cloth. Price, |i.oo. 
Frazer's Boat Sailing. Management of small boats 
and yachts under all circumstances. Cloth. Price, $1.00. 

Knots, Ties and Splices. A Hand-book for Seafarers. 
Travelers and all who use Cordage. Cloth, joi pages. 
Price, 75 cents. 

Yaclitsnian's Souvenir. 225 photogravure plates of 
steam and sailing yachts, with descriptive index of design, 
builder, owner, etc. Price, $4.00. 

Dogs, Their Management and Treatment in 
Diseases. By Ashmont. This is one of the most 
valuable treatises on canine management and therapeutics 
that has appeared on this side of the water. Cloth, 208 
pages. Price, $2.00. 

Diseases of Dogs. Hugh Dalziel, the author, is one 
of the first British authorities on dogs. Mr. Dalziel's work 
is justly ranked among the most important of those devoted 
to canine matters. Cloth, 116 pages. Price, 80 cents. 

First Lessons in Training. With Points and Stan- 
dards OF ALL Breeds of Dogs. — This has the first two 
chapters of Hammond's "Training vs. Breaking," printed 
in this shape in response to a call for a cheap book. It 
gives also " Stonehenge's" points for judging dogs, and 
standards adopted by specialty clubs; it is the only compil- 
ation that is complete to date. Paper, 106 pages. Price, 
50 cents. 

Breeders' and Exhibitors' Kennel Kecord. A 

blank book of great value to owners of kennels, enabling 
them to keep a perfect record of the pedigree of their stock, 
the prizes won, stud visits, expense account, and many 
other items of interest. Price, 3.00. Sample pages on ap-- 
plication. 

3 



Training vs. Breaking. By S. T. Hammond. This is 
a book for dog owners, who by its directions can success- 
fully train their hunting dogs. It teaches how to bring out 
the wonderful intelligence of the dog by an entirely novel 
method, in which kindness is substituted for the whip. 
Has a chapter on the training of pet dogs, and another on 
the care and management of puppies. Price, $i.oo. 

Monographs on Dogs: 

The Collie — Its History, Points, Breeding and Rear- 
ing, By Hugh Dalziel. Illustrated. Cloth, 58 pages. 
^ Price, $1.00. 

The FOX-TERRIER. — Its History, Points, Breeding and 
Rearing. By Hugh Dalziel. 92 pages. Price, $1.00. 

The St. Bernard. — Its History, Points, Breeding and 
Rearing. By Hugh Dalziel. The frontispiece of this 
volume is a life-colored portrait of the famous Plinlimmon 
recently imported into this country. Cloth, 132 pages. 
Price, $1.25. 

The Greyhound. — Its History, Points, Breeding, Rear- 
ing, Training and Running. By Hugh Dalziel. Cloth, 88 
pages. Colored plates. Price, $1.25. 

Hlstory OF the Masth-f, By M. B. Wynn. Mr. 
Wynn is the recognized leading authority on the mastiff in 
England. Cloth, 222 pages. Price, $2.50. 

Pocket Kennel Record. A handy and convenient 
little book, with blanks for all kennel memoranda, pedi- 
grees, visits, sales, etc., etc., those particulars which, when 
one has forgotten, he would sometimes give dollars to re- 
call. Price, 50 cents. 

Charley's Wonderful Journeys. By C. F. Amery. 
This volume tells the story of Charley's Several Journeys 
into Dreamland. Profusely illustrated. Cloth. Imperial 
Svo. 116 pages. Price, $1.50. 

The Still-Hunter. By T. S. Van Dyke. A practical 
treatise of deer stalking. 390 pages. Price, $2.00. 



N"essinuk's Poems. Forest Runes. By George W. 
Sears (Nessmuk). Poems on woodland subjects, and a 
wide range of other topics, grave and gay. Large octavo, 
handsomely printed, with artotype portrait of Nessmuk. 
Cloth, 208 pages. Price, $1.50. 

Woodcraft. By " Nessmuk." A book for the guidance of 
those who go for pleasure to the woods. It is just the 
thing that thousands of novices are looking for, and gives 
them just the advice and practical information they want. 
Cloth. Price, $1.00. 

Our Kew Alaska; Or, The Seward Purchase Vindi- 
cated. By Charles Hallock. Mr. Hallock's personal 
investigations in Alaska have resulted in the collection of a 
great amount of material on a variety of topics. He treats 
of the country — its past and present; of its resourses — its 
timber, its mines, its fisheries and its fur trade; of the In- 
dian question, of the government, of the natural history, 
the scenery and of sport. Cloth, 200 pages. Illustrated, 
Price, $1.50. 

Uncle Lisha's Shop ; Or, Life in a Corner of Yankee 
Land. By Rowland E. Robinson. A charming series 
of character sketches. In the chapters figure Uncle Lisha, 
Aunt Jerusha, Sam Lovel and his dog Drive, Antoine, 
Solon Briggs, Huldah and other Danvis folk, whose names 
have long been household words with readers of the Forest 
and Stream. Cloth. Price, f i.oo. 

Sam Lovel's Camps. Uncle Lisha's Friends Under 
Bark and Canvas. A sequel to " Uncle Lisha's Shop." 
By Rowland E. Robinson. An inimitable poi'traying of 
the woods and village life of Danvis folk. Cloth, 253 
pages. Price, $1.00. 

** Forest and Stream Fables." A series of seven 

fables in prose and to every one a picture. All of them 
have pith and point best appreciated by anglers and sports- 
men, but not one is without a moral for the wise and foolish 
of the world in general. Paper. Price, 10 cents, 
s 



Antelope and Deer of AnK'riea. r>v John l)r:AN 
Ca'I < >.\, 1 ,. 1 ,. I ). A book written by a sportsman for sports- 
men, and by a naturalist f(jr naturalists. It recfjunts deer- 
huntinj^ experience : and adventures, and describes the dif- 
ferent huntinjj;^ methods used by sportsmen. Fully illus- 
trated; 426 payes. Price, $2.50. 

Tlie Forest Waters tlie Farm ; Or, Tiik Vat.t'e of 
Woodlands as Reservoirs. A series of conversations 
between a farmer and a schoolmaster, showinjj;' the influence 
of ft)rests upon water supply of farm fields. Cloth. Trice, 
75 cents. 

Sportsmen's Paradise; Or, The Lake Lanj)s of 
Canada. Illustrated by Leard. Cloth. Price, ^3.50. 

Adirondack Tales. Pv \V. II. II. Mlrkav. These 
stories are full of the subtile charms of Mr. Murray's indi- 
viduality. Illustrated. Cloth, 300 pages. Price $1.25. 

Adventures in the; Wilderness; Or, Camp Ph e in 
THE Adirondacks. Py W. II. IP MuRRAY. This work 
is very pictures(|ue and amusing. Illustrated. Cloth. Price, 

$1.25'. 

Wing and Olass Ball Sliootinj; With the Kifie. 

Pv II. C. Puss. This is an invaluable work for the young 
sportsman who aims at making a record as a marksman. 
Price, 50 cents. 

Names and Portraits of Birds. Pv (hrdon Trum- 

liEl.l.. Mr. Trumbull's new book on game birtls is written 
on a plan which is entirely different irom that of any book 
on l)irds hitherto published. 90 illustrations. Cloth, 222 
]xages. Price, Jf'2. 50. 

Wild Fowl Shooting-. Pv Lefftnoweei.. Mr. Leff- 

ingwell has gained by life-long devotion to the sport of 
wild fowl slujoting a knowledge of the ways of the game, 
the modes of securing it, and the thousand and one details 
which go to make up the pursuit of fowling. Illustrated. 
Cloth, 373 j)ages. Price, $2.50. Half morocco, ^3.50. 



Pawnee Hero Stories and Folk-Tales; With 
Notes on the Origin, Character and Customs of 
THE Pawnee People. By George Bird Grinnell. 
This is a most charming collection of stories as told by the 
Indians; tales of love, war, hunting, adventure and mystery. 
The book presents the Indian in an entirely new, because 
true, light; it gives a faithful portraiture of him as a man, 
and pictures, as no other book has ever done, the Indian as 
he actually is, in his lodge, on the warpath and on the 
hunt. The stories were taken down just as they were told, 
and are given without dressing up. They will surprise and 
please the reader by the wit, sentiment and human nature 
displayed in them. Illustrated. Price, I2.00. 

liOg Cabins ; How to Build and Furnish Them. By 
William S. Wicks. The book is thoroughly practical. 
Every step in the process of construction is explained. 
Plans are given for cabins, large and small, with details of 
exterior and interior finish; and there are also some very 
useful directions for constructing temporary shelters — the 
Indian camp, brush camp, Indian wigwam, brush house 
and bark camp. The furnishing consists of tables, chairs, 
bedsteads and other articles, all made of the material at 
hand, and all in keeping with the style of the house. The 
illustrations are numerous. Price, $1.50. 

Shore Birds. A pamphlet for those who "gun" along the 
shore. Tells of — I. Haunts and Habits. II. Range and 
Migration. III. A morning without the Birds. IV. Nom- 
enclature. V. Localities. VI. Blinds and decoys. Paper. 
Price, 15 cents. 

Some Native Birds for Little Folks. By Dr. W. 

Van Fleet. Illustrated by Howard H. Darnell. 
Cloth, 146 pages, fourteen photogravure plates. Price, 
$3.00. 

Complete American Trapper Tricks of Trap- 
ping- and Trap making". By W. H. Gibson. Il- 
lustrated. Cloth. Price, $1.00. 

7 



'rrj>,i<nl<ni<'s of 1 1 II II tint; Uillos. A hi! Kp n (I ilu 

/ ' ,■., ■ - ,/ , 1 l.tU . t-I \- I r^I. Tills w.t- tin- IllMst 

r,,t[Mii-,(U' aiui (..crlii; lii.il <i| llir 1 1 .1 ji. I m: u- .•! iuiiitiii;^ 
ritlrs (_■,(,:■ lUit'.Lrt.ikrii. ainl tiir it^iiIn riii!.',,l\ a \a-^i Uind 
(.f puna a! ii;l. '• r.!at:":i al'Uiit t !i'. pi iii> i] )Ic^ ot ril1<- sh,„,i- 



iMraU-,1. I' 



Ounsmitlis' :>Iaill(al. A rMmplcU- iiainil k lor the 

Aimriraii - l;ll■^n;i; li, lu-iiiL' .i jnactical -tmlr l.iali 1 ''ainiich 
"I !;;<• lia'ir. \ n.DicKiM- c;- r.i\ iiiv.^. ('li-tli. \'rn\\ S_'a"). 

riio >I(Kl<rit AiiM ricaii I*is(<)l ainl IJevoUor 

and ll<>W lo Iisr it. llhistratid (loi'ii. 1 'rice, SI..), ) 

S*ra(li<al Taxidi'msy and Home Decoration. 

l'.'^ r. \ i n . < "r,'iai)iiii-c!i:(plei--> o:i 1 It < .,vv of -imis, ( , ,I- 
Ka ;:!i;^ aiiil ] ucj^.ii'iiiL; ami iiKuniliii- skin- <i|' animals, liirds 
ai;'] kish. dr. ('i.-ii;, 2^4 pa-i-. i'ljcc. Si.-.., 

r>li Hints and Points lor S[>ortsnien. < on pi 1 

li\MM' \. Niiirni, .ns draw in-s aihl illnsii-aiioii.. (kiih. 
I'l'iaa S!.=c. Il lluif air an\- s])oilsnuMi so \\ j^^ (hat tluw 
raiHio; Il ai'u somd jii n-' from tiiis JinU- iMM.k, ihrii- m<MUsl\- 
pia\cnls llu.-ir fallow men know in- il. Tla' (i iinpiur serins 
lo iia\c liioii;^']it of r\<;i-ylliin- fi'oni iiiana-inL.; Iim; ,mins to 
sn. liin- iKx.ks, t\in,i; knots and skinnin-- lals. Hr has 
* h.apu rs <.n rillrs and sli,,tmins, ]ninlin,L; and '.rappin:^, kish- 
i:i- . I .impiiiL;, tlo-s, j)oa!in- , \ arhtin^;, < amp makim.' , i ( .ok- 
in;;, suru^riw" and mi-diiiiu\ and out hi.adL'd ' ' mist (;llanci nis " 
stains to im Indr cwri-\lhni- whi.h i1;l- others haw omiUrd. 
- A, r ■ )■ ; ■• // :■:■. ( )c\. -o, [s.,, 

TIk' Spaniel aiul Hs I'laininu;. lo wimh is a hkd 

l!a' t.>i;-.plvtc .\nuiiraii .-ind him.dish ^sp.mirl Stamkirds. 
r.y V. II. lA Ml mil:. W ith poiiraits ,.f nnim-ions pri/c- 
w innim; sjianic js. (loth, l |4 p.iLHs. I 'i i<a . Si .o. .. 

TIm' <'olli«' or Slirep I >o.i;'. llmioi;\ ,\m> Imscimi'- 
p. .. lA I; -.w |H,N i;. ill. Illnsti.ittd. I'ri.c, si.;.. 



With Fly-Rod and Camera. By Edward A. Samuels, 
President of the Massachusetts Fish and Game Protective 
Association, Author of the "Ornithology and Oology of 
New England and Adjacent States and Provinces," "Among 
the Birds," Associate Editor of " The Living World," etc., 
etc. Cloth, 4S0 pages, 7X9>^in., 147 illustrations. Price, 
$5.00. The author is known as one of the most devoted 
and expert salmon fishermen of America. For more than a 
quarter century he has made annual excursions to the 
famous salmon rivers of Canada, and the trout lakes of New 
England. To his experience as a salmon angler he adds 
exceptional skill as an amateur photographer, having for 
many seasons taken his photographic outfit with him into 
the woods, with special reference to the preparation of this 
work. It is as an art volume that "With Fly-Rod and 
Camera " merits special distinction. The illustrations com- 
prise 150 full-page plates, which are direct reproductions, 
by a half-tone process, of Mr. Samuels's photographs. In 
the number and quality of its illustrations, " With Fly-Rod 
and Camera" is the most elaborate book on angling ever 
issued from the American press. The subjects include 
views of the picturesque scenery of Canada, the famous sal- 
mon rivers and pools, incidents of travel and camp life, 
portraits of fish, and numerous instantaneous pictures of 
actual fishing, among them being, " Time for the Landing 
Net,'* ' ■ Lady Macdonald Casting the Fly," "Casting from 
a Canoe," "A Long Cast," " Landing a Salmon," " Play- 
ing a Winninish on Lake St. John, etc. The views of 
scenery include the Saguenay, Nepisiguit, Matapedia, Res- 
tigouche, Cascapedia, Margaree, Jacquet, Jeanot and Meta- 
betchouan rivers; famous falls, rapids and pools; fishing 
cottages and camps; fishing parties and groups of guides; 
running the rapids in canoes, portaging; and in short all 
the various phases of the life and surroundings which make 
up the charm and delight and choice memories of an 
angler's outing. The volume is likewise noteworthy as an 
example of the rare possibilities of amateur photography. 
9 



The material for the several chapters has been drawn from 
a rich store of information acquired by the author's long ex- 
perience; the pages fairly bristle with hints and instructions, 
interspersed with anecdote and incident. The text, with 
not less graphic effect than the illustrations, pictures every- 
day experience in what is incomparably the grandest angling 
in the world. Mr. Samuels writes from the abundant re- 
sources of one to whom every wile and stratagem of the 
king of game fish are familiar; throughout the book the 
reader is impressed with the conviction that here at last is a 
book on salmon fishing written by a thorough master of the 
subject. While not professing to prepare a manual of in- 
struction in the art, the author of "With Fly-Rod and 
Camera" has given us a work so full of practical guidance 
that no salmon fisherman, novice or expert, can afford to 
leave it unread. The chapters are not confined to the sal- 
mon ; as in camp the talk wanders to one and another topic 
called up by magic of blazing camp-fire and aroma of bal- 
sam, so in these pages the author leads from one interesting 
topic to another, discussing the ways of men and fish in a 
style never without vivacity and fascination. 




A WEEKLY JOURNAL 



The Forest and Strea7?i believes in the recreation to be found 
in the haunts of deer and grouse, and trout and bass. It be- 
lieves in the common sense that calls a halt in business drive 
and professional grind, for a holiday with gun, rod and paddle — 
if only afterward to drive the faster and grind the harder. It 
is a journal for those who love the country and life out of doors. 
It reflects the spirit and records the experiences of the great 
army of outers. If you have any sympathy v/ith these things, the 
Forest and Stream is just the paper you would like to have come 
into your home every week. The departments are: 



Sportsman Tourist, 
Natural History, 
Game Bag and Gun, 
Sea and River Fishing. 



The Kennel, 
Yachting, 
Canoeing, 
Rifle and Trap. 



Its pages contain sketches of travel, adventure and observa- 
tion at home and abroad, accounts of experience on shooting 
and fishing excursions, sketches of frontier life, Indian folk lore 
stories, illustrated articles on American wild animals, papers on 
the domestication of game, the care and training of dogs, and 
in short an inexhaustible store of entertaining, wholesome and 
instructive literature. Send lo cents for specimen copy. Price, 
$4.00 per year. 

FOREST AND STREAM PUBLISHING CO., 

318 Broadway, New^ York, 



Books oji Outdoor Life. 

A T 71^ make a s])ccialty of 
^ ^ hooks on outdoor life 

and study. Our own extens- 
ive list of publications, as con- 
tamed in our catalogue, is he- 
ino- constantly added to. We 
can suppl)^ the l:>est works in 
all l)ranches of out-door life, 
stud)^ and recreation. Forest 
y\ND Stream Puiu.lshin(; Co., 
No. ^i8 Broadway, New York. 



f — -^^f 

Medford rancy Goods Co., 
Dog Out Fitters. 

44 & 46 Duane St., New York. 

I. BREMIER, - P»res. and. Treas. 




Thousands of Styles of Dog Collars 
AND Furnishings. 

Send 50 cents for our illustrated catalogue of 150 pages in nine 
colors (allowed on first purchase of one dollar). 



S 



OME PEOPLE HONESTLY 



\V0NDER at the magnitude of the literature of field sports. 
They cannot comprehend how it is that a journal like the Forest and 
Stream, given up wholly to its special topics, can be published week 
after week and year after year, and still find an ever-increasing circle 
of readers. We say they honestly wonder; yet there is surely no 
ground for wonder. One characteristic of the man who casts the fly, 
or holds the rifle true, or cuts down the hurtling grouse, or stems the 
current with his single blade, or trims his sails to the wind — one 
happy trait is that he loves to read about his favorite sport. That is 
just where field sports, the recreations which take men out into 
nature, differ from other forms of pastime. It is not all of fishing to 
fish, nor all of shooting to shoot. There are a hundred and one 
elements to enrich an outing experience — anticipation, exhileration 
of soul, the ever-changing scene of water, sky, cloud, foliage, inci- 
dent and happening. There is in all these something worth the 
seeking for; and it follows that there must be something worth 
writing of and worth reading. The publication of the Forest attd 
Stream demonstrates it. The wide popularity of the Forest and 
Stream's list of books proves it. The books there described comprise 
the best works in the several branches of sport covered by the list. 
The manuals of instruction are practical, and their usefulness is 
demonstrated by the constant demand for new editons. Thus edition 
after edition of Hammond's "Training vs. Breaking," Stephens's 
"Canoe and Boat Building," and kindred hand books have been sold. 






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